基于合成孔径雷达(SAR)的积雪监测研究进展

积雪是冰冻圈中最重要的组成要素之一, 积雪研究对于气候变化、 水文循环等科学研究和农业灌溉、 减灾防灾等生产活动都具有重要意义.合成孔径雷达(SAR)不仅具有穿云透雾, 全天候观测地表的能力, 而且可穿透地表覆盖一定深度获取地表覆盖物内部特征信息.近年来SAR技术在冰冻圈科学研究中已广泛应用. 综述了SAR积雪监测研究的国内外进展, 对当前主要的SAR积雪遥感模型进行了总结分析, 着重介绍了当前主要的SAR和SAR干涉测量技术(InSAR)积雪面积制图方法、 雪水当量(SWE)反演算法、 积雪密度和雪深提取方法, 并对未来可能的研究方向进行了展望.

A Review of the Research on Snow Cover Monitored with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)

Snow is one of the most important elements in cryosphere. Most of snow cover is located in the remote regions where access is difficult and the climate and transportation conditions are poor. Thus remote sensing technology becomes a very useful and efficient method to obtain the snow information. Compared with optical remote sensing and passive microwave remote sensing, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) not only has the capabilities of penetrating clouds and providing day and night remote sensing data, but also has the capability of penetrating snow cover to retrieve subsurface information. In this review, the snow cover researches by SAR data in recent years, including several existing algorithms of SAR and InSAR to identify snow cover and estimate of snow water equivalent, snow depth, snow density and snow wetness, are described.