上海大都市区港口物流企业的空间格局演化

以上海港口物流企业数据为基础,运用GIS空间分析、数理统计等方法,探讨港口物流企业空间格局及演化规律,并对其关键影响因素进行分析。研究表明:1990 年代中期以来,上海港口物流企业空间格局总体呈集聚化和郊区化特征,中心城区仍是港口物流企业集聚的主要区域,但企业所占比例呈下降态势,郊区企业所占比例则不断上升。不同类型港口物流企业空间分布差异明显,处于价值链低端的运输仓储型企业倾向于向郊区转移,处于价值链中高端的综合服务型企业仍主要布局在中心城区,但已显现出郊区化端倪。上海港口物流企业空间格局演化受到港口功能演变、综合交通网络建设、商务支撑条件、城市规划及发展政策等因素的综合影响。

Spatial pattern evolution of port logistics enterprises in Shanghai metropolitan area

Based on the data of port logistics enterprises in Shanghai, and by means of GIS spatial analysis and mathematical statistics, etc., this paper has discussed the spatial pattern and evolution rules of port logistics enterprises, and analyzed their key influencing factors. The research shows that, since the mid-1990s, the spatial pattern of port logistics enterprises in Shanghai has been generally featured by agglomeration and suburbanization, and central urban area remains the main area for gathering of port logistics enterprises. But here, the proportion of enterprises presents a declining trend, while that of suburban enterprises keeps rising. Different types of port logistics enterprises have obvious differences in spatial distribution, and precisely, transportation and warehousing enterprises at the low end of value chain are inclined to move towards suburbs, while comprehensive service enterprises at the high end of value chain are still distributed mainly in central urban areas, but they have presented the sign of suburbanization. The spatial pattern evolution of port logistics enterprises in Shanghai is subject to the comprehensive influences of the factors like port function evolution, comprehensive traffic network construction, commercial support conditions, urban planning and development policy, etc.