武广高速铁路对湖北省区域旅游空间格局的影响

运用首位度和位序-规模法则分析武广高铁对湖北省区域旅游空间格局变化的影响,并利用社会网络分析比较湖北高铁和非高铁旅游流网络结构的差异,进一步验证高铁对区域旅游空间格局的影响,最后从泰尔系数和差异化指数2 个指标分析高铁对区域旅游发展空间差异的影响。结果表明:① 武广高铁强化了湖北首位分布的态势,对湖北省"鹤立鸡群"的集聚型旅游空间结构形态发挥了"催化剂"效应。② 武广高铁对湖北区域旅游空间格局演变的影响表现出"双刃性",一是强化了核心区域的极化作用,使整体区域旅游发展差异扩大,表现出不利于区域均衡性发展的负面效应;二是强化了核心区域的扩散作用,对边缘区域影响程度更大,扩散面更广,使边缘区域内部旅游发展差异缩小,表现出有利于区域均衡性发展的积极效应。由于扩散作用的强度没有极化作用的强度大,高铁导致湖北区域旅游发展差异最终表征呈扩大趋势。

The impact of Wuhan-Guangzhou HSR on regional tourism spatial pattern in Hubei Province

This article analyzes the impact of Wuhan-Guangzhou HSR on regional tourism spatial pattern in Hubei province in three aspects: firstly, using urban primacy index and rank-size rule we analyze the impact mentioned above; then we compare the structural differences of tourist flow network between before and after the operation of HSR in Hubei by using SNA method, which is a further validation for this impact; finally, we study the impact of HSR on spatial differences in regional tourism development by Theil coefficient and Differentiation index. The results show that: (1) Wuhan-Guangzhou HSR has strengthened the primacy distribution trend in Hubei, and plays a "catalyst" role in the formation of centralization of tourist spatial structure in this province. (2) The impact of Wuhan-Guangzhou HSR on the evolution of regional tourism spatial pattern in Hubei shows a "double-edged effect". On one hand, the HSR strengthens the role of polarization of the core region, and it exacerbates the differences of the overall regional tourism development, which shows a negative effect on the regional balance development. On the other hand, it strengthens the diffusion effect of the core region, and it exerts influence on the edge region to a certain degree. Therefore it minimizes the differences of tourism development within the edge region, and has a positive effect on the regional balance development. As the diffusion effect is less visible than the polarization effect, it will further widen the gap of tourism development level that is affected by HSR within the province.