基于卫星遥感的洞庭湖水体面积变化及与水文的相关性

该文利用2006-2020年洞庭湖水体遥感面积及水文资料,对洞庭湖水体面积变化特征及其与水文的相关性进行了探讨。结果表明洞庭湖水体面积离散程度较高且变幅大。岳阳市、益阳市、常德市水体面积分别占洞庭湖水体面积的68.62%、25.77%、5.61%。其中位于岳阳市的岳阳县、湘阴县、位于益阳市的沅江市水体面积分别占洞庭湖水体面积的34.89%、17.35%、23.52%。占比越大的县市水体面积与洞庭湖水体面积相关性越大。洞庭湖水体面积与城陵矶水位的相关性高于常德、益阳水位。2010-2020年洞庭湖水体年最大面积显著增大。洞庭湖水体面积与城陵矶水位4阶多项式曲线拟合相关性最优。此外,不同的卫星/仪器、算法、分辨率以及天气条件对洞庭湖水体面积会产生一定的影响,洞庭湖区强降水对洞庭湖水体面积影响较大。

Variation of Water Area and its Correlation with Hydrology in Dongting Lake Based on Satellite Remote Sensing

Based on the remote sensing area and hydrological data of Dongting Lake from 2006 to 2020, this paper discusses the variation characteristics of Dongting Lake water area and its correlation with hydrology and provides the basis for disaster prevention and reduction and ecological environment protection. The results show that the dispersion degree of Dongting Lake water area is high and the variation range is large. The water area of Yueyang City, Yiyang City and Changde City account for 68.62%, 25.77% and 5.61% of Dongting Lake respectively. The water area of Yueyang County, Xiangyin County and Yuanjiang City account for 34.89%, 17.35% and 23.52% of the Dongting Lake. The larger the proportion of water area is, the greater the correlation is with the water area of Dongting Lake. The correlation between the water area of Dongting Lake and the water level of Chenglingji is higher than that of Changde and Yiyang. The annual maximum water area of Dongting Lake increased significantly from 2010 to 2020. The water area of Dongting Lake has the best correlation of the fourth-order polynomial curve fitting with the water level of Chenglingji River in the hydrological model of Yangtze River. In addition, different satellites/instruments, algorithms, resolutions and weather conditions will have a certain impact on the water area of Dongting Lake, and heavy precipitation in Dongting Lake area has great influence on the water area of Dongting Lake.