苍山十八溪的水石流及其防治

云南省苍山十八溪发育十分典型的水石流,流动时表面为高含沙洪水,底部为粗相沙砾和巨石,固液两相离析为非均质两相流。流体具有很大的动能和冲击力,对富绕的苍洱平坝区造成危害。为了治灾除害,保护生态环境,本文对防治目的、治理目标、防治方针与方法,以及实施顺序、程序、方案、技术措施等问题作了阐述。

THE WATER DEBRIS FLOW FROM SHIBAXI AT THE CANGSHAN MOUNTAIN,YUNNAN PROVINCE AND ITS CONTROL

Based on the geologic and geomorphologic, climatic and hydrologic, vegetation and human activity conditions of Shibaxi at the Cangshan Mountain, Yunnan Province, the water debris flow is analysed in this paper. The flow contains a lot of hard and coarse debris materials, but is short of silt and clay. And it is no integral constructions and belongs to a typical non-uniform two-phase-flow. The flow is of non-continuity in motion. The size of deposits along the flow course has a sorting. Thus,the characteristics of water debris flow from Shubaxi at the Cangshan Mountain are:the flow velocity is fast,the flow course is long,the scouring is deep,the impact force is strong,the change of the erosion and deposit is rapid and the range is wide, and the destructibility is strong. The debris flow brought about destruction to the cities and towns,highway,water conservancy works and farmland etc. ,as well as destroyed the ecologic environment in this basin and the Er Lake. Therefore, the planning and measures for preventing and controlling the debris flow have been drawn in this region.