Variation in DOC and trace metal concentration along the heavily urbanized basin in Kathmandu Valley,Nepal |
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| Authors: | Maya P Bhatt Kevin H Gardner |
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| Institution: | (1) Gregg Hall, Environmental Research Group, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA;(2) Present address: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Kavre, P. O. Box: 6250, Kathmandu, Nepal |
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| Abstract: | Water samples were analyzed for DOC and trace metals from Bagmati River within Kathmandu valley, Nepal, to understand the
variation trends of DOC and trace metals and their relationship along the drainage network. The variability in organic matter
and wastewater input within the Bagmati drainage basin appeared to control DOC and most of the trace metal concentration.
The large input of organic matter and wastewater creates anoxic condition by consuming dissolved oxygen and releasing higher
concentrations of DOC, trace elements such as nickel, arsenic, barium, cadmium, and copper with downstream distance. Concentrations
of DOC and trace metals like barium and zinc showed strong relationships with human population density and suggest that human
activities have strong control on these parameters along the drainage network. The DOC and most of the trace metal concentration
increased with downstream distance and appeared to be directly associated with human activities. The variation trends of most
of the trace metals appeared to be the same; however, concentration varied widely. Inputs of organic matter and wastewater
due to human activities appeared directly to be associated for the variation of DOC and trace metals along the Bagmati drainage
network within Kathmandu valley. |
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| Keywords: | Bagmati River DOC Heavy metals Human population density Kathmandu valley— Nepal Sewage Waste water |
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