认知地图的地理学研究进展与展望

认知地图作为人对人地关系复杂系统进行抽象化和秩序化的内在表征,是个体空间行为决策、空间认知与空间规划的理论基础,也是地理学的重要研究领域之一。论文通过CiteSpace文献学分析方法并结合经典文献回顾,从多学科视角系统梳理认知地图1948—2020年共70余年的发展脉络与研究热点。研究认为,认知地图在地理学的学科发展过程中扮演了重要角色,特别是在认知空间与城市意象、空间扭曲与空间偏好、空间知识与决策行为等方面丰富了地理学内涵。近期与地理学有关的认知地图跨学科研究出现3大转向：大数据时代重新定义认知空间与城市意象的数字转向,以特定群体或事件的空间偏好为切入点的情感转向,以第一人称视角解译空间知识与决策行为的神经转向。最后指出认知地图空间分析的地理学在跨学科融合发展中的角色与应用前景。

Cognitive map research in the field of geography: A review and prospect

Cognitive map, as the internal representation of abstracting and ordering the complex system of human-environment relationship, is the theoretical basis of individual spatial behavior decision making, spatial cognition, and spatial planning. It is also one of the important research fields of behavioral geography. This article systematically reviewed the research progress of cognitive map in geography and urban planning, psychology and neuroscience, computer science and engineering, and business economics and management science. It also summarized the definition, research hotspots, and historical development of the cognitive map. Through CiteSpace clustering analysis and reviewing classical literature, it is found that cognitive map research plays an important role in the disciplinary development of behavioral geography, especially in cognitive space and city image, spatial distortion and preference, spatial knowledge, and decision-making behavior. Recently, the interdisciplinary research of cognitive maps related to behavioral geography has three turns: digital turn, emotional turn, and neural turn. Finally, this article identified the role and application prospect of the geography of cognitive map spatial analysis in the development of interdisciplinary integration.