基于压力-状态-响应模型和多尺度管理的珠海市城市生物多样性恢复指标体系研究（英文）

生物多样性是一个系统性、整体性的概念，存在跨界、多尺度的管理问题。一方面，城市生态系统不是孤立的，而是与相邻城市、行政区相连的生态系统。城市生物多样性研究需要考虑生态系统的连续性。另一方面，城市生物多样性的主动保护和被动恢复策略不应仅由研究人员或市政府机构制定。更重要的是，有必要考虑多级管理部门的真实的生态系统管理问题，并将其纳入压力–状态–响应（PSR）模型。本文以多尺度现场调研和部门座谈的形式，结合遥感数据、土地利用数据、规划文本和图则等，对比分析珠海市生态系统现状、面临压力和应对生态问题的解决方案进行分析并总结出珠海市生态系统恢复的关键指标，以形成完整和更有效的城市生物多样性战略。本文发现，城市生态系统保护的实施效果和不同尺度的管理问题、资金需求等是否得到回应和满足，是否鼓励各利益相关者参与密切相关。不同尺度、不同地区的生态系统是否采取相同的生物多样性战略取决于该地区在全球或区域生态系统中是否具有同等重要性，生态元素是否与其他城市、地区的生态系统相连或者相邻，以及不同尺度多方利益相关者的关切问题是否相同等。

Selecting the Appropriate Urban Biodiversity Restoration Indices based on the Pressure-State-Response Model and a Multi-scale Management Problem Investigation in Zhuhai City

Urban biodiversity is now recognized as playing a critical role in supporting global biodiversity. However, it is important to note that biodiversity is a systematic and holistic concept and prior studies have not generally focused on cross-border or multi-scale management problems. On one hand, the ecosystems of cities are interconnected with adjacent cities by natural landscapes, so they are like mosaics instead of being isolated. Urban biodiversity research demands the consideration of the continuity within an ecosystem. On the other hand, both active protection and passive restoration strategies for urban biodiversity should not only be developed by researchers or municipal government agencies, but more importantly, they should consider the real ecosystem management problems faced by multi-scale departments in order to build a practicable Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model. The solutions for these issues should be included in the analysis to form a complete and more effective urban biodiversity strategy. The study in this paper offers an answer to whether different scales of cities or districts should adopt the same biodiversity strategy; and therefore, the decision depends on whether the places are of the same importance to the global or regional ecosystem, or whether the ecological elements are connected to the adjacent cities/districts and the problems that multiple stakeholders care about.