基于多源数据的长江经济带内河港口区位优势度评估

内河港口是内河航运纽带的重要节点,评估内河港口的区位优势度对长江经济带港口基础设施建设等具有重要意义。以2021年长江沿岸内河港口为研究对象,采用多源数据,结合长江内河港口辐射范围内的3个指标并对原模型进行改进,结合AHP-EWM模型计算长江经济带长江沿岸28个港口的区位优势度,研究结果显示：① 除重庆和武汉以外,江苏省以外的其他省份港口辐射范围内交通网络密度都比较低;从交通干线影响度来看,分布比较均衡且数值较为相近;而城市经济影响力的空间分布较为无序;② 根据区位优势度的高低以及空间分布得出长江经济带货运港口空间格局为“三中心,一组团”的空间格局;③ 将内河港口按长江岸线所属省份进行划分后发现：江西省3个港口区位优势度差异最小,但其优势度也整体偏低;安徽省与江西省类似;江苏省整体优势度较高且差异小,湖北省的优势度差异最大,表明存在基础设施建设不均衡等问题且亟需改善。研究成果可对长江经济带内各个港口范围内基础设施建设、道路交通规划、港口选址等方面提供指导性意见帮助打通铁路、高等级公路进港“最后一公里”。

Location Advantage of Inland River Ports in the Yangtze River Economic Belt based on Multi-Source Data

Inland river ports are important nodes of inland river shipping links. Evaluation of the regional advantage of inland river ports is of great significance for port infrastructure construction in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Taking the inland ports along the Yangtze River in 2021 as the research object, the original model is improved by using multi-source data and combining three indicators within the radiation range of inland ports on the Yangtze River. The AHP-EWM model is used to calculate the location advantage of 28 ports along the Yangtze River in the Yangtze River economic belt. Results show that: (1) except Chongqing and Wuhan, the density of traffic network in the port radiation range beyond Jiangsu province is relatively low. From the perspective of the influence of traffic networks, its distribution is relatively balanced, and the value is relatively similar. The influence of the spatial distribution of urban economics is disordered; (2) The spatial pattern of freight ports in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is characterized by "three centers, one cluster" according to their regional advantages and spatial distribution; (3) By dividing inland ports at the provincial level along the Yangtze River, it is found that the regional difference of dominance between the three ports in Jiangxi Province is the smallest, and the overall degree of dominance is also low. The result of Anhui Province is similar to Jiangxi Province. The overall degree of dominance of ports in Jiangsu Province is high with a small regional difference. The regional dominance of ports in Hubei Province has the largest difference, indicating that there might be issues such as unbalanced infrastructure construction that needs to be improved in future. The research results can provide guidance for infrastructure construction, road traffic planning, and port site selection of various ports in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and help open up the "last kilometer" of railway and high-grade highway access to ports.