关闭煤矿工业广场再开发策略研究

随着我国煤炭去产能政策的有力实施，一批资源枯竭及产能落后矿井陆续关停废弃，传统的独立工矿区因此沉寂，服务于煤炭生产和职工生活的工业广场面临功能丧失、土地闲置等问题。挖掘关闭煤矿工业广场的价值并赋予其新功能，是盘活存量资源、激发独立工矿区活力的关键。以山西省晋城市关闭煤矿凤凰山矿为例，研究该矿与晋城市的发展演变及其相互作用；分析关闭煤矿工业广场空间构成要素，采用层次分析法(AHP)进行价值评估，判明主要空间要素的价值特征与更新挑战；进而探索关闭煤矿工业广场的再开发城市设计策略。分析认为，山地矿业风貌与绿色生态本底是凤凰山矿的核心价值表征，应将风貌存续与生态保育作为再开发重点。关闭煤矿需确立“矿退城进”的更新目标，主动与城市产业对接，由“封闭的工业广场”转变为“开放的城市街区”。在此基础上，提出景观引导下的秩序控制、功能空间的整合与重置、交通体系的外通与内融、矿业文脉特色的延续与塑造、既有建筑的再循环改造5个方面的城市设计策略。研究表明，通过基础设施景观化改造，可在提升矿区环境质量的同时创造城市特色；借鉴城市设计思维可为关闭煤矿保护性再开发策略的制定提供帮助，在此类资源型地区的城市更新中具有应用前景。 

Redevelopment strategy of closed coal mine industrial plaza: A case study of Fenghuangshan Mine in Jincheng,China

With the effective implementation of China’s policy on cutting the overcapacity of coal, a number of mines with exhausted resources and backward production capacity have been shut down and abandoned. Thus, the traditional independent industrial and mining areas become silent, and the industrial plazas serving coal production and workers’ lives are faced with the problems such as function loss and idle land. Therefore, excavating the value of the closed coal mine industrial plazas and giving it new functions is the key to revitalize the existing resources and stimulate the vitality of independent industrial and mining areas. Herein, research was conducted on the development of Jincheng City and the closed Fenghuangshan Mine in Jincheng of Shanxi, as well as their interactions. Meanwhile, the spatial components of the closed coal mine industrial plaza were analyzed, with the value evaluated by the AHP method, and thus the value characteristics and renewal challenges of the main spatial elements were clarified. Thereby, the urban design strategy for redevelopment of closed coal mine industrial plaza was explored. The analysis shows that the landscape and green ecological background of mountain mining and metallurgy are the core value representation of Fenghuangshan Mine, and the landscape preservation and ecological conservation should be taken as the focus of redevelopment. In terms of the closed coal mine, it is necessary to establish the renewal target of “mining retreating and city developing”, take the initiative to connect with the urban industry, and transform the “closed industrial plaza” into “open urban block”. On this basis, the urban design strategies are put forward from the five aspects, including order control under the guidance of landscape, integration and resetting of functional space, external and internal integration of transportation system, continuation and shaping of context features of mining and metallurgy, and the recycling and reconstruction of existing buildings. The research shows that the landscape reconstruction of infrastructure can not only improve the environmental quality of mining area, but also create the urban characteristics. In addition, the reference of urban design thinking can provide theoretical assistance to the formulation of protective redevelopment strategy of closed coal mines and has application prospect in urban renewal of such resource-based areas.