西北“水三线”地区生态经济枢纽区基本理论与建设布局

中国西北地区长期面临资源组合不匹配、区域发展不平衡的问题,而空间区位又决定了其具备促进区域协调、沟通国际国内、调整经济结构、筑牢生态屏障的战略地位。建设具有引领作用的生态经济枢纽区,将有助于改善西北及全国的生态环境问题、提升全域生态安全水平,同时也对国家经济发展具有推动作用。本文立足中国西北“水三线”空间格局,依据国家战略定位与生态经济功能,基于对研究区人地环境、城市群与城镇发展体系、人口布局与民族构成的全面解析,解读生态经济枢纽区的基本内涵,其可归纳为生态功能区、经济枢纽区、文化融生区、深陆通道区四个方面。进一步,本文综合宏观布局、资源禀赋、生态环境、陆海统筹等视角,阐明了生态经济枢纽区建设的功能定位,构建了西北“水三线”地区极点带动、轴带支撑的总体空间布局。并提出河西、兰西、天山北坡、环塔里木盆地绿洲四大生态经济枢纽区的建设格局与发展途径,探索了生态经济枢纽区与国家战略布局的互动关系。以期助力中国新时期西部大开发形成新格局,为中国“一带一路”的“深陆”研究提供科学依据。

Basic theories and construction layout of eco-economic pivotal zonesin northwest China based on "Three Water Lines" strategy

Water shortage, unmatched combination of resources and unbalanced regional development are acute problems in northwest China. This region has a strategic location in promoting coordinated regional development, communicating international and domestic markets, adjusting economic structure and building ecological barriers. Therefore, the construction of eco-economic pivotal zones in northwest China would contribute to relieving the eco-environmental dilemma and improving the level of regional ecological security, which has a positive influence on the national economic development. Based on the analysis of human-environment interaction, urban agglomeration and development system, population distribution and ethnic composition in northwest China under the "Three Water Lines" pattern, this study firstly interprets the basic connotation of the eco-economic pivotal zones in this region. We propose that the eco-economic pivotal zone is a strategic area for national and global man-land coordination, which could be defined from the perspectives of ecological function zone, economic hub zone, cultural integration zone and deep-land passage zone. Based on the needs of national macro-strategic layout and land-sea coordination, we clarify the multi-functional orientations of eco-economic pivotal zones. Furthermore, this paper constructs a comprehensive development pattern in northwest China under "Three Water Lines" strategy, which is composed of 9 urban growth poles, 71 city nodes, 4 development axes and 4 eco-economic pivotal zones. And the construction layout as well as the development paths of Hexi, Lanzhou-Xining, north slope of Tianshan Mountains and circum-Tarim Basin eco-economic pivotal zones are also proposed. Finally, this paper discusses the interactive mode between the eco-economic pivotal zones and China's national development strategy layout, which would help the formation of a new pattern of development in western China, and provide a scientific basis for a better understanding of the Belt and Road Initiative.