1960~2018年成都地区极端气温变化及城市化贡献分析

基于1960~2018年成都地区地面气象站气温数据，分别使用绝对阈值法和百分比阈值法定义了极端气温事件，分析了温度的空间分布特征、线性倾向以及城市化对极端气温指数的贡献。结果表明:成都地区气温分布具有明显的空间差异，东部金堂平均气温最高，其次为新津，西北部由于海拔高度较高，气温低；1960~2018年成都地区霜冻日数逐渐减少，高温日数逐渐增多，整体气温呈现上升趋势；近20 a来，成都地区极端高温事件显著增多，冷日指数以及冷夜指数均呈下降趋势，暖日指数以及暖夜指数均呈上升趋势；城市化对最低气温、冷夜指数和暖夜指数的贡献率分别为34.00%、45.81%和26.88%，与最低气温相关的指数对城市化的响应更为敏感。 

Extreme Temperature Change and Urbanization Contribution in Chengdu from 1960 to 2018

Based on the temperature observation data of ground meteorological stations in Chengdu from 1960 to 2018, the absolute threshold method and percentage threshold method were used to define extreme temperature events. The spatial distribution and trend of temperature were analyzed and the urbanization contribution to the temperature was studied. The results showed that the temperature in Chengdu had obvious spatial difference, the average temperature in Jintang was the highest in the east, followed by Xinjin. The low temperature appeared in the northwest of Chengdu. From 1960 to 2018, the temperature showed an upward trend and the number of frost days gradually decreased, while the number of hot days gradually increased. In the past 20 years, the extreme high temperature events increased significantly, the cold day index and cold night index decreased, while warm day index and warm night index increased. The contribution rates of urbanization to the minimum temperature, cold night index and warm night index were 34.00%, 45.81% and 26.88%, respectively. The index related to the minimum temperature were more sensitive to urbanization.