武陵山片区扶贫重点县农村基本公共服务均衡化差异分析

实施农村基本公共服务均衡化是当前农村扶贫开发的重要思路和方向之一.本文选取武陵山连片特困区67个扶贫重点县,构建贫困地区农村基本公共服务评价指标体系,采用基于博弈论的主客观权重法,评价研究片区农村基本公共服务综合发展水平,并利用基尼系数与最小方差法从片区-省-县多角度测度研究片区农村基本公共服务维度指标的发展差异,揭示贫困县农村基本公共服务的空间差异特点,为农村基本公共服务资源的均衡化配置决策提供参考.结果表明:(1)片区层面上的农村基本公共服务整体质量不高,呈现出明显的西北高,东南低的态势,片区所辖湖北省和重庆市的整体发展水平较高;(2)片区整体农村公共安全服务维度发展不均衡,县域间存在较大差异,其它维度发展相对较好;(3)发展差异类型上,大多数县市是五维度主导型,麻阳县受双维度支配,德江县和石阡县是七维度联合型.

Disparity Research on the Equalization of Rural Basic Public Services in the Impoverished County of Wuling Mountain Area

The significance of the ideas and directions on the equalization development of rural basic public services among contiguous destitute areas has been reflected in current rural poverty alleviation and development. In this paper, we selected 67 key counties in the poverty alleviation of Wuling Mountain contiguous poor area, designed a comprehensive evaluation index system of rural basic public services for the poor areas, and used the subjective and objective weight method that is based on the game theory to evaluate the comprehensive development level of the rural basic public services. In addition, we conducted an advanced analysis by adopting the Gini coefficient and the minimum variance method to multi-dimensionally address the development diversities of their rural basic public services at a multiple area-province-county scale. As a result, it reveals the spatial differences of rural basic public services in the poor counties and provides a reference for the local governments by providing the optimal allocation plan for the rural basic public service resources. The case study results for the study area are concluded as follows: (1) The overall quality of the rural basic public services in the study area is not high, showing a trend which is high in the northwest but low in the southeast, while the overall development level of the area which is under the jurisdiction of Hubei Province and Chongqing City is relatively high; (2) The development disparity of the rural public security service index show an evident variant trend among the counties of the area, while the other dimensions are relatively average; (3) In the aspect of development disparity types, most counties are five-dimension dominated, while Mayang county is affected by two dimensions, and Dejiang and Shiqian county are dominated by the jointed seven-dimension type.