珠江口门枯季动力过程及盐度分布特征

2011年2月在珠江口八口门进行了同时段综合水文测验，对测验期间资料进行分析，结果表明：（1）八口门分流比从大至小依次为：磨刀门、虎门、洪奇门、蕉门、崖门、虎跳门、鸡啼门和横门；（2）外海潮波传入河口，磨刀门、鸡啼门高潮位首先出现，而虎门和蕉门最后出现，其时差约为1~2 h；磨刀门属于强径流弱潮流河口，相比其他口门涨潮流速偏小，落潮流速偏大；（3）八口门潮周期盐度平均值从大至小依次为：虎门、崖门、磨刀门、虎跳门、横门、蕉门、洪奇门、鸡啼门；（4）虎门、崖门和鸡啼门盐度属于强混合型；磨刀门大潮属于强混合型，小潮处于高度层化型河口；其他4个口门属于中等强度混合类型，其特点为下层盐度大，上层盐度小，大潮时混合强一些，小潮时混合弱一些。

Characteristics of Hydrodynamics and Salinity in the Estuaries of the Pearl River in Dry Season

Large scale hydrological observations in the eight estuaries of the Pearl River were simultaneously carried out in February, 2011. Analysis of the field data showed that: (1) the eight estuaries in descendant order of runoff were: Modaomen, Humen, Hongqimen, Jiaomen, Yamen, Hutiaomen, Jitimen and Hengmen; (2) during tide waves going into the estuaries, Modaomen and Jitimen reached their top water level first, Humen and Jiaomen the last, and their time difference about 1 to 2 hours; the runoff was strong and tide was weak in Modaomen; the flood velocity in Modaomen was smaller than those in other estuaries, but ebb velocity the contrary; (3) the eight estuaries in descendant order of average salinity were: Humen, Yamen, Modaomen, Hutiaomen, Hengmen, Jiaomen, Hongqimen and Jitimen; (4) Humen, Yamen and Jitimen were of strong salinity mixing type; Modaomen belonged to strong salinity mixing type during spring tide, but high-degree stratification type during neap tide. other four estuaries belonged to moderate-degree mixing type, which were characterized by high salinity at bottom layer and low at surface layer, strong mixing during spring tide and weak mixing during neap tide.