应力减小引起的岩石破坏与地震

最近完成的岩石力学三轴实验表明,岩石的破坏既能由最大主应力的增加引起,又能由中等主应力的变化(增加或减小)或最小主应力的减小引起,因此联系到地震的发生也是如此。地震前必须有一个应力和能量的增加过程,但地震不一定发生在应力和能量的增加过程中,地震也可以发生在应力和能量的减小过程中。文章还讨论了能够引起地壳中应力减小的作用,並从地震活动性方面探索应力减小引起地震的可能性。

ROCK FAILURE AND EARTHQUAKES CAUSED BY STRESS DECREASING

The triaxial experiments of rock mechanics completed recently show that rock failure can be caused not only by increasing of maximum principal stress, but also by change(increasing or decreasing)of intermediate principal stress and by decreasing of minimum principal stress. Concerning that earthquakes are rock failure under triaxial stress state in the crust, it is pointed that earthquakes can be caused not only by increasing of maximum principal stress, but also by decreasing of intermediate principal stress or minimum principal stress. Before earthquakes there must be a process of increasing of stress or renergy, but earthquakes mustn''t happen in the process of increasing of stress or energy. Earthquakes can happen in the process of decreasing of stress or energy. The action which can cause the stress decreasing in the crust was discussed, and the possibility of earthquakes caused by stress decreasing was searched by seismic activity.