青岛胶州湾湿地水鸟资源现状及保护对策

胶州湾是山东半岛面积最大的河口海湾型湿地,湿地总面积约3.7万hm2,由于其特殊的地理位置和丰富的湿地生物资源,成为亚太地区水鸟迁徙的重要停歇地和越冬地。目前胶州湾湿地鸟类有12目26科156种,其中包括许多全球濒危和国家级重点保护种类。鉴于目前胶州湾的不断萎缩及湿地生物多样性和生态环境的不断破坏现状,为保护湿地水鸟资源,恢复胶州湾良好的生态环境,应尽早建立湿地自然保护区,开展水鸟资源的保护和湿地环境生态改造,为亚太地区候鸟的顺利迁徙提供良好的栖息地,推动青岛市自然保护区建设事业。

Present Situation and Strategy of Protection of Water Bird Resources in Jiaozhou Bay Wetland in Qingdao

Jiaozhou bay is the largest estuary wetland in Shandong peninsula with the total area of nearly 37 000 hm2. It is one of the most important stopover and wintering site for migratory waterbirds in Asia-pacific region. Currently, there are 156 wetland bird species in Jiaozhou bay belonging to 26 families and 12 Orders, including many worldwide endangered and nationwide protected species. Since the wetland is continually shrinking in area and deteriorating in biodiversity and environment, a new estuary wetland nature reserve should be established as soon as possible to protect the water bird resources and rehabilitate the wetland ecosystem. This would make the wetland a good habitat for smooth migration of the migratory birds in Asia-pacific region, enhancing the development of nature reserves in Qingdao City.