中国北方地区二叠纪岩相古地理

主要以实地踏勘和测量建立的87个标准剖面及529个辅助剖面为基础，通过对二叠系分布格局、岩石学特征、沉积构造特征、古气候、古生态、古环境等分析，来恢复中国北方地区二叠纪的古地理面貌。早二叠世：主要存在额尔古纳和佳木斯古陆，塔里木-敦煌-祁连-内蒙古古陆；海域主要分布在松辽海相区，华北残留海湾相区，柴西残留海湾相区和南准噶尔-吐哈-北山残留海湾相区；此外还有塔里木西部碳酸盐台地相区和准噶尔腹部河湖相区。中二叠世：早二叠世的古陆依然存在，但华北北部古陆范围明显缩小，而准噶尔南缘-吐哈地区已上升成为陆地；海域只局限在东北和南祁连地区，华北地区-北祁连地区大面积为河湖相发育区；塔里木盆地主要为陆相碎屑岩沉积；准噶尔地区发育河湖相沉积，北山残留海盆火山碎屑岩发育。晚二叠世：仅在南祁连地区有海相沉积，其他地区均为陆相沉积，东北地区陆相和湖泊相沉积占主导地位；华北地区-北祁连地区主体为河湖相沉积；塔里木盆地整体为河湖相沉积；准噶尔-吐哈盆地主体为河湖相沉积。

Lithofacies palaeogeography of the Permian in northern China

Based on the 87 standard sections and 529 supplementary sections, and the analyses of the Permian distribution pattern, the petrologic characters, the characters of sedimentary structures, the palaeoclimate, palaeoecology and palaeoenvironment data, the palaeogeographical features of the Permian in northern China are reconstructed. In the Early Permian, mainly the Jiamusi, the Aierguna, and the Tarim-Dunhuang-Qilian-Inner Mongolia oldlands were developed; marine sediments were distributed in the Songliao marine facies area, the North China relic estuarine area, the western Qaidam relic estuarine facies area and the southern Junggar-Turpan-Hami-Beishan relic marine facies area, and also the western Tarim carbonate platform facies and the central Junggar fluvial-lacustrine facies were developed. In the Middle Permian, the oldlands of the Early Permian still existed and the northern North China oldland was obviously reduced in size. The southern margin of the Junggar Basin-Turpan-Hami area was uplifted to become land. The marine facies was only developed in northeastern China and southern Qilian areas. The fluviallacustrine facies was widely developed in the North China-northern Qilian area. The Tarim Basin was dominated by continental clastic rocks, the Junggar Basin by fluvial-lacustrine deposition, and the Beishan relic sea basin by deposition of volcanic clastic rocks. In the Late Permian, marine facies only occurred in southern Qilian area and the other areas were all characterized by continental deposition. The northeastern area was dominated by the continental and lacustrine facies. The North China-northern Qilian area was mainly covered by fluvial-lacustrine sediments. The whole Tarim Basin was a fluvial-lacustrine deposition and the Juggar-Turpan-Hami basins were dominated by fluvial-lacustrine deposition.