山东半岛2000～2014年蒸散发时空分异特征

蒸散发的时空格局分析对于合理利用水资源、水资源短缺问题的解决以及旱涝灾害预警和监测具有重要意义。基于山东半岛区域气象资料、MOD16遥感影像数据集及GIS背景信息,分析了山东半岛20002014年地表蒸散量的时空变化特征及趋势,并在年时间尺度上通过基于像元的相关分析法分析了蒸散量与降水和气温的相关性。研究结果表明:在研究时段内平均蒸散量年际波动较大,波动范围为397.9479.8mm,多年蒸散平均值为440.78mm;其中2003年和2008年蒸散量最大,分别超出平均值77.3mm和81.9mm。除水体、滨海湿地外,ET年平均值有明显的由东南向西北递减的特征,降水量和地表植被覆盖度的差异是其空间变异的主要因素。蒸散量与气象因素的相关分析表明,年平均降水量与蒸散量变化呈现明显的正相关关系（0.663）,温度与蒸散量呈显著负相关关系（-0.143）,NDVI与蒸散量相关性较弱（0.33）。

Spatio-temporal Variation of Evapotranspiration in Shandong Peninsula during 2000-2014

Evaporation time -space structure analysis is of great significance for rational utilization of water resources, solution of water resources shortage, and drought and flood disaster early warning and monitoring. Based on meteorological data of the Shandong Peninsula, MOD16 remote sensing image data sets and GIS background information, this paper analyzed the time-space variation characteristics and trend of surface evaporation in Shandong Peninsula during 2000 -2014, and analyzed the correlation between the evaporation, precipitation and temperature in the year scale. The results show that there is a great inter-annual wave of mean evaporation during the study period, the wave range is from 397.9 mm to 479.8 mm, the average annual evapotranspiration is 440.78 mm. The annual ET values significantly decrease from the southeast to the northwest, the difference between rainfall and vegetation coverage is the main factor leading to time-space variation. The correlation analysis of the evaporation and meteorological factors show that there is an obvious positive correlation (0.663) between the average annual precipitation and evapotranspiration, a significant negative correlation between temperature and evaporation (-0.143), and a weak correlation between NDVI and evaporation (0.33).