景观格局及生态系统服务价值响应——以千阳县为例

以陕西省千阳县作为研究区,提取2000~2015年的遥感数据为基础,参照土地利用程度指数、景观指数和数学模型,分析了景观格局的变化特征;根据生态系统服务价值的评估模型,定量分析了千阳县景观格局的变化对生态系统服务价值(ESV)的影响。结果表明,2000~2015年,千阳县农耕面积逐年减少,转变为草地和林地,未利用土地转移为建设和水利用地;研究区在15年间的景观连通性和均匀度得到提升,景观类型分布规则化,景观多样性上升,景观优势度降低;生态系统服务价值15年间逐年提高(4.40%),单项生态系统服务价值中以生物多样性保护、水源涵养、土壤形成与保护为主,土壤形成与保护价值占总比18.25%;土地利用程度4期结果均高于国家平均水平,土地得到充分的利用;敏感性分析验证研究区生态系统服务价值ESV系数的估算结果准确可靠。结果表明,千阳县景观格局的变化影响着ESV的价值走向,影响着区域生态系统服务价值的大小。

On the Landscape Pattern Change and the Ecological Service Value Response:Taking Qianyang County as an Example

Taking Qianyang County in Shaanxi Province as the research area,this paper extracts remote sensing data from 2000 to 2015 and consults land use degree index,landscape index and mathematical model to analyze the change characteristics of landscape pattern.According to the evaluation model of ecosystem service value,the paper quantitatively analyzes the impact of the change of Qianyang County's landscape pattern on the ecological service value(ESV).The results show that from the year of 2000 to 2015,the farming area decreased year by year,and was transformed into grassland and woodland;the unused land was transferred to construction land and water conservancy land.The landscape connectivity and uniformity of the study area in the past 15 years improve and the overall ecosystem service value show an increasing trend of 4.40%.The individual ecosystem service value is mainly based on biodiversity protection,water conservation,and soil formation and protection,with soil protection and formation value accounting for 18.25%of the total.The 4 phases of land use are higher than the national average,and the land is fully utilized.The sensitivity analysis verifies the estimated results of the ESV coefficient.The results show that the change of landscape pattern in Qianyang County affects the value trend of ESV and the value of regional ecosystem services.