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Hubble Space Telescope imaging polarimetry of Mars during the 2003 opposition |
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| Authors: | Yu. Shkuratov M. Kreslavsky V. Kaydash J. Bell III M. Hubbard A. Lubenow |
| Affiliation: | a Astronomical Institute of Kharkov National University, 35 Sumskaya St., Kharkov 61022, Ukraine b Radioastronomical Institute of NASU, 4 Chervonopraporova, Kharkov 61002, Ukraine c Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA d Space Science Institute, 3100 Marine Street, Suite A353, Boulder, CO 80303-1058, USA e Cornell University, Department of Astronomy, 402 Space Sciences Building, Ithaca, NY 14853-6801, USA |
| Abstract: | We report results of polarimetric imaging observations of Mars with the Hubble Space Telescope during the 2003 opposition. Through careful calibration, the observations with the ACS camera allow measurements of the polarization degree with an absolute accuracy better than 0.5% and detection of features with polarization degree contrast as small as 0.2%. The general distribution of linear polarization parameters over the Mars disk and their dependence on phase angle and wavelength are well explained qualitatively by a combination of scattering separately by the martian surface and atmosphere. We have discovered transient polarization phenomena interpreted as clouds that are best observed in ultraviolet light. These clouds are optically thin but strongly polarizing, and their origin may be related to atmospheric ice condensation processes. |
| Keywords: | Polarimetry Mars, atmosphere |
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