人工增雨农业减灾技术研究

该项目在河南、山东、吉林3省建立了层状云人工增雨外场观测作业试验区，研制了层状云数值模式，结合分析得出了层状云人工增雨新的概念模型、相应的催化条件判据和作业指标；研制了催化条件的飞机实时识别技术和地面综合集成识别技术；建立了中尺度层状云系数值模拟预报的实时业务和省级的人工增雨综合技术系统（催化条件综合识别判据、实时监测识别技术、催化指标和作业决策系统等），提出了相应的作业流程。 在鄂西北（十堰市）对流云人工增雨作业试验区进行了大量外场观测和作业试验，用研制的三维对流云催化模式进行实时预报和催化数值试验，初步提出了催化的最佳部位、时机和剂量；开发应用了高成核率火箭；用雷达识别作业条件并建立了指挥作业的技术流程，因而大大减少了作业的盲目性，提高了对流云人工增雨作业的科学性。

STUDY OF TECHNIQUES FOR PRECIPITATION ENHANCEMENT AND AGRICULTURAL DAMAGE MITIGATION

Field observational and operational areas for precipitation enhancement were established in Henan, Shandong and Jilin Provinces, the stratiform cloud numerical model was improved, and a new conception model of rain enhancement in Stratiform clouds and corresponding seeding condition criteria and operation indexes are proposed. The main results also include comprehensive real-time identification techniques of seeding conditions, the establishment of the provincial numerical simulation forecasting system of meso-scale stratiform clouds, comprehensive techniques of precipitation enhancement and the operating procedure. A great deal of field observational and operational experiments were carried out in convective clouds in north-west Hubei Province, and a 3-D convective cloud seeding model was used to forecast precipitation and to conduct seeding numerical test. The optimized seeding location, seeding time and the dose of seeding agent were provided. Further more, a kind of rocket with high nucleating rate was developed, and the technological flow for operation control was designed. All of these measures greatly improved the precipitation enhancement in convective clouds.