适宜环境与生态研究的e-science探讨

环境与生态研究从定性、定量向多学科、多尺度、大范围的团队参与的综合集成研究方向发展，计算机、网络、数据、模式模型技术的逐渐成熟与完备，为环境和生态需要的e science支持平台建设提供了技术和研究基础。分析环境与生态集成研究典型模型基本过程得出，适合环境和生态研究的e science由数据平台、模型模式平台、协同与沟通平台、管理平台组成。其中：①定点、定位、互联网、传感器网格、空间数据采集与处理,以及再分析数据生成的数据支持平台是e science的基础；②包括模型库、模式库、协同建模环境、模拟环境、软件开发环境的模型平台是e science支持集成研究的核心；③模型、模式之间的协同，以及数据平台中数据接口和扩展接口驱动的开发与集成环境，数据与模型模式和模拟计算的内部协同工作平台是e science应用的关键；④完善的结果展示、输出和资源调度的管理平台是e science的窗口。以生态经济、水文研究为例进行的初步实验表明，四层结构的e science框架基本符合环境和生态研究过程的需要。

Research on e-science Adapted to Environment and Ecology Study

The environment and ecological research, which develops from quality and quantity to comprehensive integrated research of the common participation of multi subjected, multi scaled, much timed groups, needs a comprehensive integrated research platform with strong support ability. The gradually perfected computers, networks, data, model and modeling technologies provide technology and research base for the supportive platform e science building of environmental and ecological integrative research. By analyzing the basic work process of environmental and ecological integration research model which is on the basis of enormous accumulations of on the spot observation and experimental data, and mathematic model pattern, and calculation software, we draw a conclusion that the e science adapted to the environmental and ecological research is made up of data platform, model and modeling platform, cooperation and communication platform, and management platform. Important research contents include: (1) The collection of fixed field stations original data, collection of internet data, generation of data's reanalysis, collection of sensor network data, collection and processing of spatial data, etc. are the base of e science.(2) The platform include model repository adapting to ecology and environment, mode repository, cooperation modeling system, simulation system, software development system, etc. are the core of the integrated research supported by e science. (3) The system of model cooperate with mode and data, development and integration system of the data interface and interface drive among perfected model, mode and data in data platform, and the realization of interior cooperative working platform of modeling and simulated calculation are the core in the e science application. (4) Improved result shows that outputs and management platform of resource dispatch are e science's windows. Taking ecological economy, hydrology and the setting of natural protection region for example, we did preliminary experiments of e science's construction concerning the above four aspects and came to the conclusion that the e science framework of the above four tiers construction in general meets the demands in the environmental and ecological research process, and that it is feasible and operational in the environmental and ecological comprehensive integrated research.