锦州湾泥沙来源、洄淤状况与建港条件分析

锦州湾泥沙主要来源于沿岸入海河流的输送,外海水体的携带与沿岸、岛屿蚀余物质的补给。每年进入湾内的泥沙总量约为３３—３５万吨,假如这些泥沙不再向湾外流出,在湾内作均匀分配沉积,则相当于在湾底铺上５ｍｍ厚的土。水准和水深重复测量表明,潮滩以稳定的弱堆积为主,水下浅滩基本处于稳定状态。该湾在非正常情况下产生骤淤的可能性不大。综合建港条件良好。

The Analysis of the Silt Source, Backing Siltation and Harbour-Building Condition in Jinzhou Bay

The study of satellite photograph, distribution of mechanic composition of sediments, comparision of heavy minerals and clay minerals between source area and accumulation area, and coastal dynamic geomorphology states that the silt of Jinzhou Bay are mainly followed three sources: 1) rivers along the coast; 2) carried by outer water body: 3)erosion from coast and island. The total amount of silt into the bay is about 330 350 kt every year, especially in overflow stage in summer which is about 160 kt every year.If these silt were deposited homogeneously, the sedimentation amount each year would be 0.298 g/cm 2, which correspond to 5 mm thick silt on bottom annually. The repeated level survey and bathymetric survey of tidal flat and underwater shoals indicate that the tidal flat was dominant by stable weak accumulation in overflow stage. Owing to updown traction of beach sand on north beach was mainly on intertidal zone, the input downward of water of north beach substances is limited. The underwater shoals between 0 m and -5 m isobath is in stable state. And under unusal condition, there may be not the tempestite and "turbidite", so it is impossible for the siltation abruptly take place there. From the native general situation, silt source, backing siltation, stable degree of tidal flat and possibility of siltation abruptly of Jinzhou Bay, the harbourbuilding condition is favourable.