农作物主要生长参数自动观测技术综述

农作物生长参数是描述作物生长和评价环境条件（包括农业气象灾害）对作物生长影响的重要数据，也是预测产量、指导农田管理的重要依据。介绍作物覆盖度、发育期、株高等主要生长参数国内外自动观测技术的研究进展及应用，探讨相关技术的原理、方法、可行性及局限性。分析表明：利用CCD图像传感器实时获取作物图像，采用计算机视觉及图像处理技术能更精准、快速、直观、动态获得作物覆盖度、发育期、形态、叶面颜色等实况特征，还可作为卫星遥感大面积作物长势地面验证及更进一步开展作物病虫害、作物营养供给情况自动监测的基础，具有广阔的推广前景。

Overview of Automated Observation Techniques for Main Crop Growth Parameters

Crop growth parameters are important data for describing crop growth and evaluating environmental conditions (including agrometeorological disasters) influencing crop growth, and also the important basis to predict crop yields and guide farm management. The research progresses and the application of automatic observation techniques for crop growth at home and abroad are discussed, focusing on plant heights, crop coverages, crop growth periods, and other characteristic parameters, and the principles, methods, feasibility and limitations of the related technologies are explored. The analysis shows that computer vision image processing technology, based on crop pictures from CCD sensors, can be used to obtain morphological characteristics, coverage, developmental stages, and leaves color of crops more accurately, fast, and visually, which is the basis of the verification of the crop growth conditions estimated by satellite remote sensing and the automatic monitoring of damages by diseases and insects on crops, as well as the supply of nutrients to crop, and shows good prospects.