西藏甲玛铜多金属矿床地质地球化学特征及成因浅析

甲玛铜多金属矿床是冈底斯成矿带内产出的超大型矿床,其铜、钼、铅+锌、伴生金、伴生银资源量均达到大型及以上规模,该矿床也是成矿系列理论指导实践取得找矿突破的典型矿床。矿区的矽卡岩型主矿体呈层状、厚板状产于下白垩统林布宗组砂板岩、角岩(矿体顶板)与上侏罗统多底沟组灰岩、大理岩(矿体底板)的层间因推覆-滑覆构造引起的扩容空间内,矿体走向延长超过3000m,倾向延伸超过2200m,最大真厚度达250m。除了矽卡岩型铜多金属矿体是主要矿体类型外,矿区角岩型钼铜矿体与斑岩型钼铜矿体已经初具规模。角岩型矿体主要呈筒状分布于0～40线矽卡岩型矿体上部的角岩中,平面面积约0.8km2,矿体垂向最大延伸超过800m;斑岩型矿体已初见端倪,基本位于矽卡岩型矿体下部,但也有部分穿切矽卡岩型矿体。矿床中矿石的主要构造特征为浸染-细脉状,结构特征以热液交代作用形成的结构为主。矿石中主要的矿石矿物包括黄铜矿、斑铜矿、辉钼矿、黝铜矿和辉铜矿等,脉石矿石以矽卡岩矿物和石英为主。通过不同类型矿石中辉钼矿的Re-Os同位素测年,甲玛铜多金属矿床的形成时代介于18～10Ma之间,与青藏高原后碰撞伸展阶段成矿作用有关。稀土元素地球化学特征表明甲玛矿区矽卡岩是由斑岩结晶分异过程中分泌出的岩浆热液交代大理岩而形成。文章通过对甲玛铜多金属矿床地质、地球化学特征的详细分析和讨论,提出该矿床成因是与斑岩成矿作用有关的斑岩-矽卡岩-角岩型矿床。

Geological and Geochemical Characteristics and Genesis of the Jiama Polymetallic Copper Deposit in Tibet

The Jiama polymetallic copper deposit is a superlarge deposit in the Gangdese metallogenic belt in Tibet with large quantity resources of copper,molybdenum,lead+zinc as well as associated gold and silver.It is also a typical deposit indicative of breakthrough in ore-search through the practice guided by the metallogenic series theory.The main skarn bodies are of layered and thick plate-like occurrence produced in the expansion space due to overthrust and sliding between the beds of K1l sand-slate,hornfels a...