地表过程与人类活动对硅产出影响的研究进展

硅元素是地球第二大组成元素,深刻影响着地表物质循环,是陆海相互作用研究、全球碳循环研究的关键元素之一.从自然风化、生物过程和人类活动3个方面综述了国内外有关地表过程对硅产出影响的研究进展,重点分析了生物过程和人类活动在硅生物地球化学循环过程中的作用.综合分析指出,应着重开展生物参与下原生/次生硅酸盐矿物风化速率的研究,重视高等植物在区域硅循环中的作用；富营养化与筑坝对于河流硅的滞留都十分重要,因筑坝产生的水库清水下泄在中下游河道产生的潜在效应很可能对河口硅输入产生重要的影响.应采用地球化学示踪技术,加强这方面的定量研究、模型研究、过程研究以及系统的综合性研究,特别是对流域地表过程的改变以及与筑坝、富营养化过程的联合作用,应进行深入的多学科交叉综合研究.

Advances in the Influence of Earth Surface Process and Human Activity on Silicon Output

The research progress of earth surface process and silicon output was reviewed. It is the key problems of studies of land ocean interaction, material cycling in the world. The advances and future outlook in research on silicon biogeochemical process in the land was analyzed and summarized with highlighting the phytolith in the land. Reservoir process and eutrophication change the riverine biogeochemistry process, which result in a serial of impacts on downstream and estuary. Comprehensive studies considering natural, human and biological processes as well as their interactions at the scale of drain basin are necessary to make up the silica balance and to couple terrestrial processes with silicon cycle of fluvial or marine biogeosystems.