二氧化碳地质封存环境监测现状及建议

CO2地质封存是应对全球气候变化的新举措,许多国家都开展了相关的工程项目或研究。环境监测作为验证场址在当前以及较长一段时间后的合理性和安全性的重要手段,是工程实施的重要工作。对国内外CO2地质封存环境监测的相关工作以及项目所采用的监测技术进行总结,并利用监测选择工具MST得出中石化胜利油田CO2-EOR项目适用的监测技术,在此基础上提出该项目背景监测的对象、技术和频率等框架,为项目监测工作的开展提供参考依据,最后简略提出环境监测工作的方法和大纲。

Status and Suggestion of Environmental Monitoring for CO2 Geological Storage

The geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a promising technology for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. There are 8 operating large scale integrated CCS projects (LSIPs) and 74 LSIPs in different stages all over the world. CO₂ injection may increase the formation pressure, and CO₂ leakage from natural and manmade pathways may affect human health and ecosystems. In order to provide assurance that suitable sites can be selected and can be operated safely, sequestered CO₂ will need to be monitored to verify that there is no leakage and to provide confidence in predictions about its future behavior over the long term. A review of the CO₂ geological storage monitoring all over the world is presented, including the regulations, guidelines and the application of technologies in different projects. The objects and technologies of baseline monitoring and routine monitoring technologies of onshore and offshore CCS projects (SECARB, Otway, Lacq, Weyburn, Gorgon, Sleipner, In Salah, Snhvit, CO₂SINK, RECOPOL) with different reservoir types (deep saline formation, oil field, depleted gas field and depleted coal bed) are investigated and analyzed in detail. Moreover, a monitoring selection tool (MST) is introduced and applied to the Shengli Oilfield CO₂-EOR project. According to the analysis of monitoring database and evaluation results of MST, the potential baseline monitoring objectives and technologies of the Shengli Oilfield CCUS project are proposed. Finally, outline and methodology of the monitoring work are discussed briefly.