长春市不同土地利用生境土壤甲虫群落结构特征

在长春市郊区天然次生林、农田、防护林和市区公园绿地等典型土地利用生境共捕获土壤甲虫32科598只,其中幼虫13科312只,成虫25科286只。应用个体密度、类群数量、群落多样性、丰富度和均匀度等指数,研究土壤甲虫的群落生态结构特征,了解土地利用差异对土壤甲虫群落结构的影响。研究结果表明:长春市不同土地利用生境凋落物的移除对土壤甲虫群落结构没有产生显著影响;农田土壤甲虫群落类群数、个体密度和多样性的降低源于生境作物品种单一和周期性的农田生产活动,防护林在空间上起着相邻农田物种交流廊道的作用;提高生境土壤甲虫群落类群数、个体密度和多样性的关键之一是保持生境类型的复杂性。

Community Structure Characteristics of Soil Coleoptera under Different Land Uses in Changchun City

The soil coleopteras in Changchun City were investigated with the emphasis laid on the species richness and abundance in relation to the types of land-use,i.e.,farmland,mangrove forest,Three-North Forest Shelterbelt and natural secondary forest in July and September in 2003.The soil coleopteras were hand-sorted and were identified to the families level with the aid of microscope.A total of 598 soil colepoterous individuals was captured and fell into 32 families.These results suggest that the litter removal of land use habitats affect negatively the communitiy structures of soil coleopteras.More and more simple crop type and seasonal agricultural activity reduced group number,individual density and biodiversity of soil coleopteras communities of crop field.Forest shelterbelt was the main corridor that soil coleopteras contact each other in different farmlands.These findings also suggest that keeping complex vegetation can improve group number,individual density and biodiversity of soil coleopteras communities in a habitat.