近40 a巴丹吉林沙漠腹地湖泊面积变化及其影响因素

 利用1973、1990、2000年和2010年4期Landsat遥感影像资料为信息源,运用目视解译和波段比值的方法得到不同时相巴丹吉林沙漠腹地湖泊信息,分析其变化特征,结合沙漠周边降水数据,通过水量收支平衡关系对湖泊群变化因素进行了初步探讨。结果表明,沙漠湖泊在各时期发生了不同程度的萎缩。1973—2010年间,湖泊总数由94个减少到82个,共减少了12个,总面积减少了3.69 km2。其中,1973—1990年间湖泊萎缩最快。对沙漠湖泊面积进行统计分级后发现,湖泊的萎缩主要发生在面积小于0.2 km2的湖泊中,萎缩速率由快到慢;面积大于0.9 km2的湖泊面积发生不同程度的波动。湖泊群面积变化基本不受人为因素影响,也不是当地气候变化直接作用的结果,地下补给源水量变化是导致湖泊面积变化的主要因素。

Lakes Area change in Badain Juran Desert Hinterland and Its Influence Factors during the Recent 40Years

Lake area information in the Badain Juran Desert in 1973, 1990, 2000, 2010 was gotten by visual interpretation and band ratio analysis of remote sensing images, based on which the spatial and temporal characteristics of lake area change during the 37 years were obtained. Results indicated that the number of lakes reduced from 94 to 82 and the total surface area reduced 3.69 km2 during 1973-2010; the desert lake area reduced at different degree in different periods, and the speed was the fastest during 1973-1990. According to the statistics of lake area change, lake area decrease mainly occurred in the lakes with area less than 0.2 km2, and the area of lakes greater than 0.9 km2 fluctuated. The change of lake area was probably due to the quantity of underground water supply, rather than the effects of local climate change or human factors.