蓝绿空间暴露对老年人健康的邻里影响

利用2018年广州社区问卷数据、遥感影像、城市街景、环境污染等多元数据，提取多种蓝绿空间指标，并使用多层模型、中介效应模型和倾向值匹配法，探讨中国城市背景下蓝绿空间暴露影响老年人健康的“生物?心理?社会”邻里影响路径和机制，以及对不同社会阶层间的差异。研究发现，社区层面的蓝绿空间暴露与老年人的身心健康均存在显著相关；周围蓝绿空间程度通过促进体育锻炼、缓解压力提升老年人的身体健康，可达性通过促进社会交往提升老年人的心理健康；蓝绿空间暴露对老年人健康的影响在不同阶层间存在差异。为健康老龄化、健康城市建设提供科学参考。

The Neighborhood Effect of Exposure to Green and Blue Space on the Elderly’s Health: A Case Study of Guangzhou,China

Exposure to green and blue space refers to the surrounding green and blue space exposed in residence and activity place in daily life, which can bring about health benefits for residents. The neighborhood green and blue space is related to the elderly’s health. Based on questionnaire data in Guangzhou in 2018, remote sensing image, street scape and so on, we extracted various green and blue space indicators, etc. From the perspective of reducing harm, restoring capacities and restoring capacities, we also constructed research framework including five mediating pathway. This research employed multilevel linear regression model and mediating effect model and propensity score matching method to examine biopsychosocial pathways and mechanism linking exposure to green and blue space to the elderly’s health. According to this empirical analysis, firstly, neighborhood exposure to green and blue space is significantly associated with the elderly’s self-reported health and mental health; Secondly, physical activity encouragement and reduction in stress and social cohesion facilitation play a separate role in mediating the effect of green and blue space exposure on the elderly’s health, while reducing environmental harm and improving aesthetic pleasure did not perform significant role on the elderly’s health; Thirdly, the impact of exposure to green and blue space on the elderly's health differs significantly among different social strata. According to our findings and conclusions, we suggest the necessity of achieving 'Healthy city' and 'Health aging' construction, such as increasing the proportion of water body in public space, optimizing the layout of urban green space and improving vertical green space view, which provide new references for relevant public policies for the elderly.