1973—2018年珠江三角洲海岸线时空演变分析

通过遥感和GIS技术获取1973—2018年的Landsat TM/OLI遥感影像为数据源,结合地理背景资料,分析45 a来珠江三角洲地区海岸线时空演变情况。结果表明:珠江三角洲地区海岸线变迁显著,大量的淤泥质岸线转变为城镇工业岸线和港口岸线,珠江三角洲地区岸线人工化指数不断上升,岸线类型朝向多元化方向发展,岸线总长度和分形维数不断增加,港口建设、滨海工业区、围垦填海等是岸线长度和分形维数增加的主要因素;海岸线演变呈现明显的区域特征,变化较大区域主要集中在深圳大鹏湾、广州南沙和珠海斗门;从岸线开发利用主体结构上看,各大岸区都出现了不同类型的变化趋势,城镇工业岸线与港口岸线取代自然岸线成为各区海岸线的主体类型;各地区开发利用强度不断上升,其中深圳市开发强度增速最快,社会活动和区位政策是引起岸线演变的主要驱动因素。

Spatio-temporal evolution analysis of the coastline inthe Pearl River Delta from 1973 to 2018

The Landsat TM/OLI remote sensing images from 1973 to 2018 were obtained as the data source by using the remote sensing and GIS technology. Based on the geographical background information, the spatial and temporal evolutions of the coastline in the Pearl River Delta region over 45 years were analyzed. The results show that the Pearl River Delta changed significantly, a large number of muddy coast changed into urban industrial coast and port coast. The artificialization index of Pearl River Delta coastline was rising, the types of coastline were developed in a diversified direction, the total length and fractal dimension of shoreline were increasing continuously, the main factors of increase shoreline length and fractal dimension were port construction, coastal industrial zone and reclamation.The evolution of the coastline had obvious regional characteristics, and the regions with large changes were mainly concentrated in Shenzhen Mirs Bay, Guangzhou Nansha and Zhuhai Doumen. From the perspective of the main structure of shoreline, each region presented different type changing tendency, substituted the natural shoreline, the industrial and port shorelines became the main type in each region. The intensity of development and utilization was increasing in various regions, among which the intensity of development in Shenzhen was growing the fastest. Social activities and location policies were the main driving factors for the evolution of shoreline.