数字地理视角的乡村研究及展望

在数字技术日渐渗透进日常生活世界的过程中，数字技术成为地理学研究关注的对象，地理学研究出现“数字转向”。在以城市为主体的数字地理研究不断涌现之时，乡村也日益融入全球信息与技术网络过程中，数字技术的发展向乡村渗透，乡村的“数字化”研究理应受到重视。数字技术在多个层面影响乡村的发展，从城乡数字鸿沟、乡村重构和后人文主义视角下的身体三个角度梳理数字地理研究背景下数字技术对乡村的影响。城乡数字鸿沟是乡村数字技术研究关注的重点。信息通信技术、数字基础设施等的城乡差异使得城乡数字鸿沟扩大，而乡村的数字化发展有利于推动城乡互联互通，缩减城乡鸿沟。乡村在与数字技术邂逅过程中，日益转变为混杂空间，数字技术重构了乡村性和乡村关系网络。在后人类主义的视域下，数字技术的发展改变了身体的意义。数字技术发展背景下的身体实践能够反映乡村社会中人地关系互动的变化，也深化了对人类主体能动性的认识。呼应地理学的“数字转向”，研究从城乡、乡村和身体尺度思考数字技术与乡村发展的关系，有益于从其相互联系中探索乡村振兴的多元化路径，为乡村研究和乡村振兴提供新的思路。

Rural research and prospect from the perspective of digital geographies

With the gradual penetration of digital technology into the daily life world, digital technology has become the focus of geographical research, and geographical research has appeared the "digital turn". With the emergence of digital geographies research focusing on cities and the integration of rural areas into the global information and technology network, digital technology continue to penetrate into rural areas. The research on "digitization" of rural areas should be taken seriously. Digital technology affects the development of rural areas at multiple levels. This paper analyzes the impact of digital technology on rural areas under the background of digital geographies research from the perspectives of urban-rural digital divide, rural reconstruction and post-humanism. Urban and rural digital divide is the focus of rural digital technology research. Differences in information and communication technology and digital infrastructure widen the digital gap between urban and rural areas, and the digital development of rural areas is conducive to promoting urban and rural connectivity and narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas. In the process of encountering with digital technology, the countryside is increasingly transformed into a mixed space, and digital technology reconstructs the rurality and rural relationship network. In the post-human perspective, the development of digital technology has changed the meaning of the body. The body is the space of the smallest scale. The body practice under the development of digital technology can reflect the changes in the interaction between man and land in rural society, and deepen the understanding of human subject's initiative. In response to the "digital turn" of geography, the study of the relationship between digital technology and rural development from the perspective of urban and rural, rural and physical dimensions is beneficial to explore the diversified path of rural revitalization from their mutual connection, and provide new ideas for rural research and rural revitalization.