甘肃武威站新旧址风速资料对比分析

为了科学合理地利用台站搬迁前后的气象资料，根据甘肃武威国家基本气象站 2006—2018 年新、旧址风速对比观测数据，采用均值和方差显著性检验、相关系数与线性回归等统计方法，对 比分析了新、旧址风速变化特征、差异性及产生原因。结果表明：新、旧址风速均呈减小趋势，平 均、极大风速的递减率新址大于旧址，最大风速的递减率新址小于旧址。新址与旧址对比观测风 速多数存在正风差，造成风速差异的主要原因是迁址前后观测场周边环境、地理位置及海拔高度 等的不同。方差和均值检验风速差异的显著性不一致，前者检验差异不显著，后者检验多数差异 显著。新、旧址风速存在明显的正相关，相关系数多数通过了显著性检验。各月线性回归方程非 常显著，经 F 检验通过了α = 0.01 显著水平检验，回归订正后，风速差异明显减小，说明新、旧址风速 在统计应用可合并。本研究将为台站迁移、预报预测、气象服务、科研研究和大型工程建设等提供 科学参考依据。

Contrast analysis of the wind speed data of the new and old station in Wuwei City,Gansu Province

to the purpose of this study is to make reasonable scientific use of meteorological data before and after station relocation. Based on a comparative observation wind speed data from the new and old national basic meteoro? logical stations in Wuwei, Gansu Province, from 2006 to 2018, the variation characteristics and differences of wind speeds between the old and new stations and its causes were compared and analyzed using statistical methods such as mean and variance significance, correlation coefficient, and linear regression. The results of this study demon? strate that wind speeds show a decreasing trend at both the new and old stations, that the decline rate of the average and extreme maximum wind speeds are higher for the new station , and that the decline rate of maximum wind speed is lower for the new station. The analysis also found differences of wind speeds between the new and old stations, with annual differences of mean, maximum, and extreme maximum wind speed of 0.3 ~ 0.5 m·s^-1, 0.2 ~ 3.1 m·s^-1, and -2.9 ~ 3.4 m·s^-1, respectively. The monthly differences are 0.3 ~ 0.6 m·s^-1, 0.5 ~ 2.4 m·s^-1, and -2.5 ~ 2.0 m·s^-1, respectively, and the daily differences for a typical day in May are 2.8 m·s^-1, 5.6 m·s^-1, and 6.5 m·s^-1, respectively, and for a typical December day they are 1.9 m·s^-1, 5.1 m·s^-1, and 4.6 m·s^-1, respectively. The main reasons for the wind speed differences are differences in the surrounding environment, geographical location, and altitude of the ob? servation stations before and after relocation. The mean and variance significance tests of wind speed differences are inconsistent, with the variance test difference being not significant and the mean test difference being mostly sig? nificant. There are obvious positive correlations in wind speed between the new and old stations, most of which have correlation coefficients that pass the significance test. The monthly linear regression equations are very significant and pass the test of an α= 0.01 significance level by the F test. Wind speed differences are obviously reduced after the regression correction, indicating that the wind speeds of the new and old stations can be combined in a statistical ap? plication. This study provides scientific reference for station migration, prediction, meteorological services, scientif? ic research,and large-scale engineering construction.