海南岛海岸带土地利用强度与生态承载力分析

随着海南省进一步开放发展,海岸带区域的土地利用强度逐渐加强,生态保护需求日益增强。利用4期(1990、2000、2009、2015年)海岸带土地利用分类数据,研究海岸带土地开发利用强度,并分析了其生态承载力。结果表明:①耕地和林地是海南岛海岸带地区的主要土地类型。②25年间,海南岛海岸带土地利用强度整体较高且逐年上升,2000—2009年土地利用强度增速最高,达2.03%;海口市和澄迈县土地利用强度4期均值最大,分别为300.5和286.1。③25年来海南岛海岸带生态状况呈下降趋势,57%的海岸带市县实际生态承载压力增长了1倍以上。

Intensity of land development and utilization and ecological carrying capacity of coastal zone in Hainan island

With the urgent problems of increasing population pressure, land resource shortage and ecological destruction in the coastal zone of Hainan island are necessary to quantify the conditions of land use and ecological carrying capacity efficiently. Based on the land use classification and coastline dataset in 1990, 2000, 2009 and 2015, the intensity of land development and utilization and ecological carrying capacity in the coastal zone of Hainan island are evaluated and analyzed. The results show that: ① Arable land and woodland are the main land types in the coastal zone of Hainan island. ② Overall, in the past 25 years, the land use intensity in the coastal zone of Hainan island was high and increased annually. From 2000 to 2009, the land use intensity had the highest rate, reaching 2.03%. Haikou city and Chengmai county had the highest average land use intensity during the study period, which was 300.5 and 286.1 respectively. ③ Over the past 25 years, the coastal ecological situation of Hainan island has deteriorated gradually, and the actual ecological carrying capacity of 57% of the coastal cities and counties has increased more than double.