西南岩溶山地生态环境研究进展与若干问题

西南岩溶山地是典型的脆弱生态系统，是中国的关键生态区之一，石漠化逐步扩大等生态退化问题严重制约着该区持续发展，生态亟待恢复重建，但岩溶石漠化治理模式实际上受限于岩溶生态基础理论研究的不足。岩溶山地生态重建与可持续发展研究中应进一步加强地质地貌背景生态效应与生态类型划分问题、岩溶生态系统的恢复重建依赖对生态过程研究的突破、土地利用／土地覆盖的定量研究有待加强、治理模式的尺度性与转型研究，阐明岩溶生态系统的运行过程，提出石漠化类型划分和石漠化分级的科学依据。并通过生态系统评价和生态区评价，诊断存在问题，提出生态系统可持续管理的有效途径和方法。

SOME PROGRESSES AND PROBLEMS OF RESEARCH ON ECOLOGICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF KARST MOUNTAIN AREAS IN SOUTHWEST CHINA

The karst mountain region in southwest China is one of the key eco-regions in China,where land degradation problems such as rock desertification seriously hamper its sustainable development,and the ecological environment should be rehabilitated urgently.Many progresses have been made in theories but some weakness tache exist inevitably about karst mountain ecological construction in southwest China since 1990,therefore,the rocky desertification governing models are restricted by the deficiency of basic theories of karst eco-system.Further studies are needed to offer solutions to a series of scientific issues on karst mountain areas of southwest China,including:(1)To do divisions of ecological economy,ecological function and ecological reconstruction,to ascertain the priority and plan of ecological reconstruction by the divisions in karst mountains based on the ecological effects of lithology-geomorphology types.(2)Strengthen the driving mechanism study of ecological processes in karst ecosystem,particularly,the relations between ecological processes and ecological patterns.(3) To study the change processes of land use/land cover quantificationally.(4) To study the scaling and transformation of comprehensive control models.All these are in order to clarify the evolving process of karst eco-system,put forward the scientific basis about the types and classification of rocky desertification,further,diagnose existent problem of karst mountain areas by eco-system and eco-region assessment and put forward efficient approaches and methods for sustainable karst eco-system.