云南滑坡泥石流灾害的气象成因与监测

根据云南滑坡泥石流灾害资料，分析了其形成环境与分布特征，给出了典型降水滑坡泥石流灾害事件，研究了滑坡泥石流灾害与气象环境的关系。云南滑坡泥石流灾害主要出现在盛夏7～8月，主要影响天气系统有切变线、冷锋、西风槽、西南涡、孟加拉湾风暴、南海西行台风和两高辐合区。诱发滑坡泥石流灾害的前期降水类型有3种，即暴雨型，中～大雨型和连阴雨型。得出了云南滑坡泥石流发生的区域临界雨量指标，提出了滑坡泥石流灾害的气象监测预警方法。

The Cause of Meteorological Formation and Monitoring on Landslide and Debris Flow Disasters in Yunnan

The formation environmental background and distribution about landslide and debris flow disasters in Yunnan Province have been analyzed by using historical natural disaster data.It is shown for typial disaster events of landslide and debris flow caused by rainfall from 1965 to 2002,the relationship between landslide,debris flow disasters and meteorological environment has been studied. Landslide and debris flow disasters in Yunnan occur mainly in July and August in the midsummer,major influencing synoptic systems includes shear line,cold front,westerly trough,southwest vortex,storm of the Bay of Bengal,westward typhoon from the South China Sea and convergence area between two highs.There are three precipitation patterns in early days caused landslide and debris flow disasters in Yunnan which includes rainstorm,moderate-heavy rain and cloudy-rainy weather for several days.The regional critical rainfall comprehensive index caused landslide and debris flow disasters has been given: finally,the meteorological monitoring and warning technical methods with landslide and debris flow disasters are further discussed.