绿海龟(Chelonia mydas)血细胞发育过程的观察

采用Wright's液染色方法,对绿海龟的外周血、骨髓、脾脏和肝脏等几种组织的印片和涂片进行观察研究.结果表明,骨髓和脾脏是绿海龟的主要造血器官,红血细胞、粒细胞、单核细胞等血细胞主要在骨髓中发生,淋巴细胞主要在脾脏中发生;脾脏中可以发现晚幼红血细胞,脾脏可能是红血细胞的成熟场所;肝脏中无原始型的血细胞,可能不是其造血器官.红血细胞的发育经历了5个阶段:原红血细胞、早幼红血细胞、中幼红细胞、晚幼红血细胞和红血细胞等阶段,其胞体体积经历了由小到大,由大到小、再到大的发育过程;粒细胞的发育经历了5个阶段:原粒细胞、早幼粒细胞、中幼白细胞、晚幼白血细胞和白细胞等阶段,胞体体积均由大到小变化,核分叶可能是粒细胞的衰老的标志;淋巴细胞和单核细胞的发育各经历了3个阶段.各细胞发育均经历了由有细胞核仁到无细胞核仁的变化过程.原血细胞和幼血细胞在造血器官中可以进行有丝分裂,部分成熟的红血细胞可以在外周血中进行直接分裂.

OBSERVATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF BLOOD CELLS OF CHELONIA MYDAS

The blood cells of Chelonia mydas was studied through observation on stained imprint and smear of the peripheral blood, the bone marrow, the spleen and the liver etc. The stain method used is Wright's. The results show that the bone marrow and spleen were the main hemopoietic organs in C. mydas. Erythrocytes, monocyte and granulocytes developed mainly in the bone marrow; and lymphocytes developed mainly in the spleen. The spleen with late immature erythrocytes could be the place of maturation of erythrocytes. No primitive blood cells were observed in liver, which implies that the liver was not the hemopoietic organ in C. mydas. The development of erythrocytes includes 5 stages: primitive, early, middle, late, and mature. The body sizes of these cells increased first, then decreased, and increased in the end. The development of granulocytes includes 5 stages also: myeloblast, promyelocyte, meddle immature granulocytes, late immature granulocytes, and mature granulocytes. The body sizes of them decreased; and the sublobe of the nuclear may indicate the aging. All the four types of blood cells changed from with-nucleolus to without-nucleolus. Mitosis may take place in the primitive blood cells and immature ones, and direct division may occur in some mature red blood cells in the peripheral blood system.