甘肃鹰嘴山地区岩体和隐伏岩体遥感信息提取研究

选择中国西北地区阿尔金山脉东段的鹰嘴山金矿及其周边地区为研究区，研究如何利用Landsat-7 ETM+遥感数据，实现对该区岩体和隐伏岩体信息自动提取。采用遥感信息多层次分离提取技术，通过对该区实测地物波谱数据和岩矿石多元数据的统计分析，得到岩体有关蚀变类型的遥感信息提取波段组合，并在对多波段遥感数据进行算术运算、比值和主成分分析的基础上，获取多幅经过信息增强处理的中间变量图像。结合对研究区已知岩体分布范围和特征的研究，从多幅中间变量图像中优选出主要包含岩体信息的最佳变量图像，并据此提取出该区的岩体和隐伏岩体信息。通过与已有地质资料的对比分析和野外实地验证，发现用该方法提取的岩体信息与实际情况吻合度高，效果较好。另外，对岩体信息提取误差产生的原因也进行了相关讨论。

Rock Mass and Concealed Rock Mass Information Extracted from Remotely Sensed Data in Yingzuishan Area, Gansu Province

This study selected Yingzuishan goldmine and its surrounding area in the east of Altun Mountain in Northwestern China as research area, and tried to find out a method that could automatically extract out the information of rock mass and concealed rock mass from Landsat-7 ETMdata in this area. The multi-level separation and extraction technique of remote sensing information was used, and we also statistically analyzed in-situ spectral data of ground objects and multivariate data from rock and mineral samples, and finally acquired several kinds of band combination types related to different rock mass alterations. On the basis of multi-band remote sensing data, we utilized the arithmetical operations, ratios and principal component analyses (PCA) etc., and obtained some variable images after information enhance treatment. Combining with the research on characteristic of the known rock mass, we found out the best variable image that included rock mass and concealed rock mass information at most, and extracted out the information from this image in the end. Field validation and comparative analysis between the results and the archived geological rock mass data both proved that this method has the advantage of high goodness of fit and satisfactory effect. Furthermore, the reasons for the error of the extracted information were also discussed.