黑龙江省植被大气调节功能时空分布特征

为研究生态系统对环境大气气体调节的贡献,应用碳税法和造林成本法,该文对2000—2010年黑龙江省农田、草地、灌丛等7类生态系统的大气调节功能价值进行估算,分析其时空分布特征。结果表明,2000—2010年黑龙江省净初级生产力逐年退化,下降的面积为127 811km~2,占总面积29.79%,在伊春市、哈尔滨市东部、牡丹江市等地表现得尤为明显;2000—2003、2004—2007、2008—2010年3个时段年均大气调节功能价值分别为1 366.16、1 342.45、1 275.68亿元,呈下降趋势,2008—2010时段较前两个时段价值下降幅度增大;空间上呈现出西南和东南向西北方向递减的趋势;价值构成上表现为阔叶林落叶针叶林草地针阔混交林农田灌丛其他类型。

Distribution characteristic of time and space of vegetation atmospheric regulating service in Heilongjiang province

To evaluate the contribution to the atmospheric regulating service of vegetation ecosystem.This article defined the sum value of CO2 fixation and O2 release as atmosphere regulating function of Hei longjiang province.Analyzing the value of dynamic change can provide theoretical basis to improve the regional ecological environment.Based on the NEP data and carbon tax and afforestation cost method,the atmospheric regulating function value of farmland,grassland,and other terrestrial ecosystems was estimated,and the spatial temporal changes were discussed in Heilongjiang province from 2000 to 2010.The results showed that the NEP of vegetation ecosystem degraded year by year in Heilongjiang province.The falling area was 127 811 km2,accounting for the total area of 29.79％ during 2000 to 2010.The value of atmosphere regulating function was 1 366.16 × 108 yuan,1 342.45× 108 yuan,and 1 275.68 × 108yuan in the three periods of 2000-2003,2004-2007,and 2008-2010 respectively,which showed a downward trend from 2000 to 2010.The value decreased fast from 2008 to 2010 comparing with the first two periods.In terms of spatial distribution,the values of atmosphere regulating function presented a decreasing trend from southwest and southeast to the northwest.The value of atmosphere regulating function was listed in the order of broad-leaf forests＞deciduous needle-leaf forest＞grassland＞coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests＞cropland＞shrub＞other types.