罗江县水库土坝汶川大地震震害调查与分析

5·12汶川8.0级大地震对德阳市罗江县的水库造成了不同程度的破坏,经济损失严重,若水库出现渍坝现象,将会带来更大的损失。对罗江县19座高危以上险情水库的土坝震害进行了调查研究.发现典型的震害现象包括裂缝、渗漏、防浪墙损坏以及泄水建筑物和附属设施的损毁等。根据水库土坝的震前病害调查资料可以看出：水库土坝在地震前多是带病运行,严重影响地震时水库运行的因素主要有土料或填筑质量差、坝基问题、坝体结构设计不当、蚁害、观测设施不全等。依据震后水库土坝的破坏形态,分析了水库大坝的震前病害对大坝震害现象的影响。为今后水库土坝的抗震设计提供基础性的资料。

Investigation and Analysis of Seismic Damage to Earth Dams in Luojiang County during Wenchuan Earthquake

The 5.12 Wenchuan M 8.0 Earthquake caused great damage and economic losses to the reservoirs of Luojiang county in Deyang city.However,it would have made a greater loss,if the dam failure had been caused.Based on the studies on the earthquake damage to 19 high-risk reservoirs in Luojiang county,it is found that the typical damage mainly includes fracture,seepage,wave screen damage,as well as injuries of discharge structures and subsidiary facilities.According to the previous defect investigation on the earth dam of reservoir,it could be seen that the reservoirs ran in defective state before earthquake. The main factors influencing the operation of the reservoir during earthquake are poor qualities of the earth materials and earth filling,dam foundation problem,unreasonable design of dam body,ant damage,and the lack of earthquake instrumentation and so on.Based on the post-earthquake destruction pattern of earth dam of reservoir,the influence of the pre-earthquake defect on the damage is analyzed,which could provide basic data for seismic design of dam in the future.