1981—2010年青藏高原地区气温变化与高程及纬度的关系

基于青藏高原地区高质量、均一化的气象站点观测资料,研究1981—2010年青藏高原地区气温变化趋势特征。结果表明:1981—2010年青藏高原地区整体呈升温趋势,平均升温率为0.40℃/10a,冬春季升温率大于夏秋季节,以三江源区、西藏中西部和青海北部升温趋势最为显著。青藏高原地区年和冬、春、秋三季的升温率随海拔高度的升高而增大,海拔每升高1000 m,站点年平均气温倾向率增加0.1℃/10a,冬季更为显著。青藏高原地区夏季气温倾向率的空间分布具有显著的经向差异,纬度每增加10°,气温倾向率增加0.33℃/10a。

Surface Air Temperature Variability and Its Relationship with Altitude & Latitude over the Tibetan Plateau in 1981-2010

Based on the high-quality and homogenized surface station meteorological data over the Tibetan Plateau,surface air temperature variability characteristics were analyzed in this high-elevation area during 1981-2010.The results show that,the Tibetan Plateau on the whole experienced remarkable warming,and the station averaged temperature trend magnitude was 0.40 ℃/10a for the annual mean,with higher temperature increasing rate in winter and spring,followed by autumn and summer.The temperature in the Three-River Headwaters region,central-western Tibet and northern Qinghai exhibited the most significant rising trends.The altitude dependency in annual,winter,spring and autumn average temperature over the Tibetan Plateau were confirmed during the research period,and station temperature trend magnitude generally increased by 0.1 ℃/10a for the annual mean with station elevation rising by 1000 m,with more prominent altitude dependency during the winter season.While the temperature trend magnitude in summer showed distinct latitude gradient,and there was a clear signal of latitude dependency for the temperature trend magnitude in summer,with temperature trend magnitude increasing by 0.33 ℃/10a with 10° increase for station latitude.