中国工业资源环境效率空间演化特征及影响因素

利用混合方向性距离函数构建工业资源和环境效率评价模型,并基于空间效应构建工业资源和环境效率影响因素分析模型,分析了2006年和2015年中国工业资源和环境效率的空间演化特征,剖析了工业资源和环境效率的影响因素及其作用机制。研究表明：① 中国工业资源效率总体较低且多年来有所下降,空间分异由“均衡分布”向“西高东低”转化,资源效率在空间上具有正相关性,且空间相关性有所提升。② 中国工业环境效率总体偏低且多年来略有下降,空间分异总体呈“H”型格局,环境效率具有显著的空间正相关性。③ 工业化水平和环境规制与资源效率呈显著负相关;对外开放与资源效率呈显著正相关,但作用逐渐变得不显著;劳动生产水平与资源效率显著正相关。④ 对外开放与环境效率显著正相关,但作用逐渐变得不显著;环境规制与环境效率提升呈显著负相关,但这种负向作用逐渐不显著;劳动生产水平与环境效率显著正相关;工业企业尤其是大中型企业数量的增多与环境效率显著负相关。

Spatial Evolution and Influencing Factors of Industrial Resource and Environmental Efficiency in China

In this paper, we construct the evaluation index system of industrial resource efficiency and environmental efficiency by using the hybrid directional distance function model, build an influencing factors model of industrial resource and environmental efficiency based on spatial effect to analyze the spatial evolution characteristics and influencing factors of industrial resource and environmental efficiency in China(Hongkong Macau and Taiwan are excluded) in 2006 and 2015. The results show that: 1) Industrial resource efficiency is generally low and has decreased for many years. The spatial differentiation is transformed from ‘balanced distribution’ to ‘west high east low’, and the resource efficiency has positive spatial correlation and the degree of correlation has been improved. 2) Industrial environmental efficiency is generally low and has a slight decline for many years, the spatial differentiation shows an ‘H’ pattern in general, and the positive spatial correlation effect of environmental efficiency is significant. 3) Industrialization level and environmental regulation are negatively correlated with resource efficiency; opening to the outside world has a positive correlation with the resource efficiency, but the effect becomes not significant gradually; there is a significant positive correlation between production level and resource efficiency. 4) Opening to the outside world has a significant positive correlation with environmental efficiency, but the effect gradually becomes not significant; environmental regulation has a significant negative correlation with environmental efficiency, the effect becomes gradually not significant; the production level has a significant positive correlation with environmental efficiency, and the increase in the number of industrial enterprises, especially large and medium-sized enterprises, has a significantly negative correlation with the environmental efficiency.