农业产业集群创新通道及溢出效应——以山东寿光蔬菜产业集群为例

农业产业集群创新是多种关系集聚作用的过程,而现代农业集群发展离不开地方与全球背景下的前后联系,因此研究地方与全球联系下的农业集群创新及其溢出效应具有重要的理论与现实意义。论文以山东寿光蔬菜产业集群为例,利用实地调研数据,运用社会网络分析法和空间计量模型分析集群创新联系的作用通道及溢出效应,研究表明：① 集群地方联系包含强关系的本地企业网络和弱关系的官产学研网络,其中本地企业网络集聚现象较突出,企业间联系紧密,两关系网络中核心企业对资源信息均具有较强控制作用;② 全球通道作为集群外部弱联系,网络联系密度较低,其网络整体显示出结构洞特征,且网络核心节点企业对海外异质性资源表现出较强控制性。在测度集群创新溢出效应方面,空间误差模型较其他模型更优,其中集群本地企业联系、企业间空间邻近、全球关系通道在集群创新中均会起到一定促进作用。进一步机理分析表明,地方联系和全球关系通道在集群创新中发挥着不同的作用,其强弱关系互动是异质性创新资源扩散、吸收与利用的关键。

Innovation pathways and spillover effects of agricultural industrial clusters: A case of vegetable production industrial cluster in Shouguang City,Shandong Province

The innovation of agricultural industrial clusters is a process of integration of various relationships, while the development of modern agricultural clusters cannot be separated from the local and global contexts. Hence, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the innovation of agricultural clusters and its spillover effects with regard to the local and global network relationships. Taking the Shouguang Vegetable Production Industrial Cluster as an example and using field survey data obtained in 2017, and social network analysis and a spatial econometric model, this study analyzed the pathways and spillover effects of cluster innovation. The results show that: 1) The cluster's local connections include a strong local enterprise network and a weak government-industry-university-research network, in which the agglomeration of the local enterprises is prominent, and the enterprises are closely linked. The core enterprises in the two relationship networks have a strong control over resource and information. 2) As a weak link outside the cluster, the global network has a low density of network links. The network as a whole shows the characteristics of structural holes, and its core node enterprises show strong control over overseas resource heterogeneity. The spatial error model is better than other models in measuring the spillover effects of cluster innovation, in which the cluster's local enterprise relationship, inter-enterprise spatial proximity, and global relationship all play a certain role in promoting cluster innovation. Further mechanism analysis shows that local relationship links and global relationships play different roles in cluster innovation, and the interaction between strong and weak relationships is the key to the diffusion, absorption, and utilization of heterogeneous innovation resources.