高铁网络化下东北地区旅游空间结构动态演变分析

运用GIS空间分析方法测度高铁对东北城市旅游交通可达性的影响,进而分析高铁网络化下东北城市旅游市场出现的新特征、新变化。研究发现：① 高铁极大提升了东北城市旅游交通可达性整体水平,可达性空间格局呈现明显的“高铁廊道效应”。网络化形成进程中,可达性空间格局变化由主干道运行期的“极化特征”向支线完善期的“均衡特征”转变,东北“全域式旅游”发展格局开始形成;② 主干道形成期,高铁以“虹吸效应”为主导,加剧了东北旅游市场发展的不均衡,促进哈大旅游经济带形成;支线完善期,高铁以“扩散效应”为主导,均衡式发展格局开始凸显;③ 高铁推动了东北城市“同城化”发展进程,市内游、周边游模式将发生改变,省际游、跨地区游模式将逐步盛行。

Dynamic Evolution of Tourism Spatial Structure Under the Improvement of the High Speed Rail Network in Northeast China

The gradual improvement of the feeder network makes the rapid transportation network of northeast basically form. This article uses GIS spatial analysis method to measure the influence of high-speed rail on accessibility of urban tourism traffic in Northeast China. Then, it analyzes the new characteristics and changes of the city tourism market under the high-speed rail network in Northeast China. Results found that: 1) High speed rail has greatly improved the accessibility of tourist traffic in cities of Northeast China, and the accessibility of space has obvious "high speed corridor effect". In the process of network formation, the change of accessibility spatial pattern has changed from the polarization characteristic of main road operation period to the balanced characteristics of the perfect line of the branch line, and the development pattern of the northeast "all dimensional tourism" has begun to take shape; 2) The main road formation period, high iron to siphon effect is dominant, exacerbating the imbalance in the development of the tourism market of Northeast cities, Harbin Tourism Economic Belt gradually formed; in the improvement of the branch period, high-speed rail have the diffusion effects become dominant, balanced development situation began to highlight; 3) High speed rail has promoted the development of urbanization in Northeast China, the pattern of city tour and surrounding tour will be changed, and the mode of inter provincial tour and inter regional tour will gradually be popular. At the same time, the high-speed rail has greatly promoted the development of the “fast-food” tourism market, the mode of short-term tourism development model will become the new darling of the high-speed rail era.