塔里木盆地大气降尘变化特征及影响因素分析

利用哈密、塔中与和田沙尘暴观测站2005—2008年大气降尘观测资料,结合铁干里克、民丰等18个大气降尘监测点2007年4月以来的大气降尘、沙尘天气等观测资料,分析了塔里木盆地大气降尘变化特征,同时分析了影响大气降尘浓度变化的主要因素。结果表明:①2005—2008年3站中哈密大气降尘量最少,其次为和田,塔中的大气降尘量最多;2006年是4a中降尘量最多年份,其次为2005年,2008年相对较少。②春夏季是大气降尘集中季节,秋季略大于冬季。塔里木盆地中部最高,南部及西南部的站点降尘明显高于盆地的东部和西部。③在沙尘暴季节,无论是5月还是6月,2007年大气降尘量基本上都高于2008年。④2007年5月和6月,除盆地东面的哈密、铁干里克以及西缘的阿拉尔3站外,其他18个站沙尘天气较多。沙尘天气是塔里木盆地大气降尘量高的主要因素,沙尘天气越多,大气降尘量越高。

Atmospheric Dustfall Variation and Factor Analysis in Tarim Basin

Based on the atmospheric dustfall data from Kami, Tazhong and Hotan sandstorm observation stations during 2005—2008 and the atmospheric dustfall data from the 18 atmospheric dustfall observation spots such as Tikanlik, Minfeng, etc. from April, 2007 to August, 2008, the atmospheric dustfall variation and influencing factors in Tarim Basin were analyzed in this paper. Results are concluded as follows. (1) The atmospheric dustfall in Kami was the least among these three stations during 2005—2008, and that in Tazhong was the most. The atmospheric dustfall in 2008 was the least during 2005—2008, and that in 2006 was the most. (2) There was little atmospheric dustfall in autumn and winter, and the atmospheric dustfall was mainly collected in spring and summer. The atmospheric dustfall in east of Tarim basin was the least, and that in mid Tarim basin was the most. (3) In the sandstorm season of May and June, the atmospheric dustfall in 2007 was higher than in 2008. (4) All number of sand-dust days observed in the 18 observation spots during sandstorm season were big except for in Kami, Tikanlik and Alar spots. Sand-dust weather was a major factor causing atmospheric dustfall. More sand-dust days, more atmospheric dustfall.