中国对外贸易产生的CO_2排放区位转移分析

减缓以CO2为主的温室气体排放所引起的全球气候变化问题越来越为国际社会所瞩目.目前有关的国际协定主要以国家本土温室气体排放为基准核算国家的碳排放责任和减排成效,忽略了国际商品贸易流引起的排放区位与产品消费区位的空间分离.本文利用2000～2006年中国海关货物进出口商品分类数据,采用投入产出法,分析了中国货物进出口贸易产生的CO2排放区位向中国的转移效应.结果表明,中国出口商品内涵的CO2排放量从2000年的9.6亿t增加到2006年的19.1亿t,每年占全国总排放的比重基本在30%-35%.扣除进口商品使我国避免在本土排放的CO2,货物进出口贸易使净转移到我国的CO2排放量至少从2.3亿t增加到7.2亿t,中美贸易顺差、中国与欧盟贸易顺差是产生净转移的主要原因.结论主张相关国际协定从排放区位与消费区位相结合的角度制定温室气体减排政策.

Carbon Dioxide Emissions Embodied in China's Foreign Trade

Efforts such as the Kyoto Protocol to reduce greenhouse gas emissions that may be linked to climate change account carbon dioxide emission mostly referred to the country-level territories. However, inter-country flows of goods by international trade may cause emissions from local consumption suffered in an exporting county. Therefore, the estimation of carbon dioxide emissions associated with international trade (by excluding the emissions associated with exports and including the emissions associated with ...