靖远矿区地震勘探中存在的问题浅析

通过总结靖远矿区近十年三维地震勘探经验,对该区施工投入的仪器及观测系统参数进行对比,指出该区前期地震勘探中存在的问题,如：块段施工及分块处理,造成相邻区块之间相邻线上波组特征变化大,解释自相矛盾,对比困难,甚至出现构造假象;某些地震剖面记录虽具有明显同相轴错断、上下盘断点清晰、落差大等逆断层特征,但后期采煤揭露仅为一褶曲,仅部分地段存在小断层;在向斜勘探区,因侧面波的影响,往往导致主测线与联络测线上反射波特征差异明显,特别是远离向斜轴的测线,在侧面波终止处,会出现断层特征,造成误判。针对上述问题,提出了应广泛应用高精度地震勘探,加强验证资料的总结与分析,进而提高勘探水平,为矿方提供更好服务的建议。

Elementary Analysis of Existing Problems in Jingyuan Mining Area Seismic Prospecting

Summarized 3D seismic prospecting experiences in the Jingyuan mining area over the past decade, contrasted parameters of instrument and field setup used in the area, pointed out existing problems in past seismic prospecting. Such as block operation and partitioning processing caused variable wave group characteristics between neighboring blocks and neighboring surveying lines, and self-contradictory interpretation, difficult correlation even structural false appearance; some seismic profile recording in spite of obvious reverse fault characteristics of phase axis offset, clear upfaulted and downfauhed blocks and large throw, yet later coal mining revealed truth is just a fold with some minor local faults; in syncline area, due to influence from lateral wave, caused obvious difference between in-line and cross line reflection wave characteristics, especially the lines away from synclinal axis, at the termination of lateral waves, faulting characteristics appeared and cause misjudging. In allusion of above problems, put forward suggestions including widely using high precision seismic prospecting, strengthening verifying data sum-up and analysis, then come to improve prospecting level to serve the mine side better.