Mountain hazards: reducing vulnerability by adapted building design |
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Authors: | Markus Holub Jürgen Suda Sven Fuchs |
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Institution: | 1.Risk Consult Sicherheits- und Risiko-Managementberatung GmbH,Vienna,Austria;2.Institute of Structural Engineering,University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences,Vienna,Austria;3.Alpinfra, Consulting-Engineering Gmbh,Vienna,Austria;4.Institute of Mountain Risk Engineering,University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences,Vienna,Austria;5.Research Laboratory for Snow Avalanches and Debris Flows, Faculty of Geography,Lomonosov Moscow State University,Moscow,Russian Federation |
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Abstract: | Despite the long tradition of technical mitigation on a catchment scale in European mountain regions, losses due to mountain
hazards are still considerably high in number and monetary loss. Therefore, the concept of technical mitigation had been supplemented
by land-use planning and, more recently, local structural protection. Local structural protection includes measures directly
implemented at or adjacent to endangered objects, and has proven to be particularly cost-effective with respect to integral
risk management strategies. However, the effect of local structural protection in reducing the vulnerability of elements at
risk, and the associated consequences with respect to a reduction of structural vulnerability have not been quantified so
far. Moreover, there is a particular gap in quantifying the expenditures necessary for local structural protection measures.
Therefore, a prototype of residential building adapted to mountain hazards is presented in this study. This prototype is equipped
with various constructional elements to resist the incurring impact forces, i.e., of fluvial sediment transport and of snow
avalanches. According to possible design loads emerging from these hazard processes, the constructive design necessary is
presented, and the amount of additional costs required for such an adaptation is presented. By comparing these costs with
quantitative loss data it is shown that adapted building design is particularly effective to reduce the consequences of low-magnitude,
high-frequency events in mountain regions. |
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