青藏铁路典型路段风沙灾害现状与机械防沙效益估算

通过对青藏铁路格尔木—拉萨段沿线风沙灾害的实地调查,发现该路段风沙灾害具有时空分布相对集中,沙源复杂多样,以轻微沙害为主,潜在危害严重的特征。对红梁河、北麓河、沱沱河、扎加藏布和错那湖段等典型路段的沙害进行现场实测,并结合Google Earth影像分析,利用三棱锥柱和趋势模拟的计算方法,估算出重点地段主要防沙设施的积沙量约为1.32×105 m3,为制定更加有效的防沙体系提供科学依据。

Status of Aeolian-Sand Disaster and Estimation of Mechanical Sand-Controlling Benefit at Typical Sections of Qinghai-Tibet Railway

The field investigation into the aeolian-sand disaster along the section from Golmud to Lhasa of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway disclosed the following characteristics: relative concentrated aeolian-sand disasters in space-time; complex and diversified sand sources; mainly slight disasters; and severe potential hazard. Based on the combination of the in situ measurements on the aeolian-sand disasters at sections of Honglianghe, Beiluhe, Tuotuohe and Zajazangbu, Cuona Lake, with Google Earth images analysis, the authors calculated the sand accumulation quantity of the main sand-preventing facilities in the typical sections by methods of triangular pyramid, triangular prism and average trend simulation, approximating 1.32×105 m3. The result can provide scientific basis for constructing more effective sand controlling system.