环境行为学视角下城市滨水空间活力协调度研究

基于环境行为学相互渗透理论和环境心理学人-环境一致性理论，本研究以珠江前航道为例，从活力营造视角构建“人群-环境”活力互动模型，运用多源数据，使用熵权法、全局莫兰指数、局部莫兰指数等计量方法对滨水空间的活力协调度进行定量研究，并对滨水空间人群活力的时空特征、环境活力的空间格局及活力协调度空间格局进行总结，探讨滨水空间的活力协调机制，为提升城市滨水空间的活力协调度提出优化策略。结果表明：1）滨水空间人群活力具有明显空间分异特征，具有显著的空间正自相关性。随时间推移，热点区域呈现扩大—收敛的空间特征，冷点区域则呈现分散—集中的空间格局；2）滨水空间环境活力具有显著的空间分异特征，呈现西高东低的空间格局；3）滨水空间活力协调度呈现高、中和低3种活力协调状态，耦合协调状态的滞后系统主要为环境活力子系统；4）混合多样的城市功能，连续有韵律的城市景观和与水岸融合的生活性道路是滨水空间具备高活力协调度的关键。基于此，本研究提出以下优化策略：1）充分利用水景观资源（包括滨水空间内部的细微水体，如河涌和塘），注重景观的连续性，优化滨水游憩体验。2）以活动作为契机营造滨水空间的故事性和记忆点，构建群体故事和群体记忆作为连接人群活力与环境活力相互交织的桥梁，使人与环境形成良性的互动，提升滨水空间活力协调度。3）关注低活力协调度滨水空间在水岸转型过程中社会关系冲突的调解，采用包容性规划的态度，鼓励滨水空间现状用地类型为农田的产权所有者种植兼具经济性和观赏性的作物。对于此类现状为非建设用地或生态景观导向的地区的开发建设，应审慎选择干预措施，以保障并提升其生态价值。

Vitality Coordination Degree at the Urban Waterfront from the Perspective of Environmental Behavior Studies

An urban waterfront is an important place for urban residents to interweave their public life, social interaction, and nature. Based on the interpenetration theory of environmental behavior, taking the Pearl River Front Channel as an example, constructing a "people-environment" vitality interaction model from the vitality creation perspective, and using multi-source data and entropy method, Moran's Index, and Local Moran's Index, we quantitatively studied the vitality coordination degree of the waterfront. The temporal and spatial characteristics of people's vitality, the spatial pattern of environmental vitality, and vitality coordination are summarized. We discussed the vitality coordination mechanism of the waterfront and proposed optimization strategies for improving the vitality coordination of urban waterfronts. The results show that 1) people's vitality at the waterfront has spatial differentiation characteristics and significant spatial positive autocorrelation. In time, the hotspots show the spatial characteristics of expansion and convergence, while the cold spots show a scattered-concentrated spatial pattern. 2) The environment vitality at the waterfront has significant spatial differentiation characteristics, showing a spatial pattern of high west and low east. 3) The vitality coordination degree at the waterfront presents three vitality coordination states: high, medium, and low. The hysteresis system of the coupled coordination state is mainly the environmental vitality subsystem. 4) Mixed and diverse urban functions, continuous rhythmic city, and the landscape and the living road integrated with the waterfront are the keys to high vitality and coordination. This research proposes the following optimization strategies: 1) Make full use of water landscape resources (including the fine water bodies inside the waterfront, such as rivers and ponds), focus on the continuity of the landscape, and optimize the waterfront recreation experience. 2) Organize activities to create stories and memories at the waterfront by bridging the vitality of the crowd and the environment, forming a positive interaction, and coordinating the vitality at the waterfront. 3) Mediate social conflicts in the waterfront transformation process of the low coordination degree of waterfront, adopt an inclusive planning attitude, and encourage property owners whose current land-use type is farmland to plant both economically and ornamentally. For developing such areas where the current status is non-construction or ecological, intervention measures should be carefully selected to protect and enhance ecological values.